广州市肾综合征出血热发病危险因素的病例对照研究

目的探讨广州市肾综合征出血热发病危险因素。方法采用1：1配对的病例对照研究，对2011年10月～2013年3月网络报告的肾综合征出血热病例105例和与病例同村或是同单位、同性别、年龄相差不超过5岁配对的105例对照者以相同的调查表进行调查。采用单因素和多因素条件logistic回归分析肾综合征出血热发病危险因素。结果单因素分析显示住房毗邻水塘或河溪、室内鼠活动、室内卫生状况、工作场所鼠活动、工作场所鼠排泄物是危险因素，人均房间数、室内外扫地洒水、家中灭鼠具有保护作用。多因素分析显示室内鼠活动是危险因素（OR=2．874，95％CI1．152～7．170），室内外扫地洒水（OR=0．369，95％C10．151～0．900）、家中灭鼠（OR=0．416，95％C10．180—0．961）是保护因素。结论肾综合征出血热的防控必须采取灭鼠防鼠，改善环境卫生条件，加强健康教育。提高广大群众卫生水平的综合措施。

A case -control study on risk factors to hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Guangzhou

Objective To investigate the risk factors on hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome （HFRS） in Guangzhou. Methods 1：1 matched case -control study was conducted, 105 HFRS cases were reported through network during October of 2011 to March of 2013, and 105 controls who were dwelled in the same vil- lage or worked in the same company, had same gender and the age difference is no more than 5 years old both were interviewed by the same questionnaire. The data processing was done from single factor and multivariate analysis including conditional logistic regression. Results Single conditional logistic regression analysis showed that house adjacent to the pond or river, mouse activity indoor, indoor health, mouse activity in work- place, rat droppings in workplace were the risk factors of HFRS. But average number of rooms, sweep indoor and outdoor floor after sprinkling water, home anti -rodent were the protected factors of HFRS. Multivariate conditional logistic regression analysis showed that mouse activity indoor was the risk factors of HFRS （ OR = 2. 874, 95% CI 1.152-7. 170）, sweep indoor and outdoor floor after sprinkling water （OR =0. 369, 95% CI O. 151-0. 900）, home anti - rodent （OR = 0. 416, 95% CI O. 180 - 0. 961 ） were the protected factors of HFRS. Conclusions The comprehensive measures for prevention and control for HFRS are anti - rodent and ratproof, improve environmental sanitation conditions, strengthen health education, and improve the health level of the masses.