汉中市45例人狂犬病流行病学调查分析

目的掌握狂犬病流行规律，探讨其发病的原因和影响因素，为预防控制措施提供依据。方法对汉中市医疗机构诊断报告的45例狂犬病病例进行流行病学个案调查和分析。结果发病年龄50～岁占46．67％，5～岁组占4．44％；发病以农民为主（91．11％）；潜伏期最长180d，最短11d，平均64．41d；以普通流浪、家养犬为绝对优势暴露动物。45例病例中，有3例（6．67％）规范处理了伤口并接种了狂犬疫苗，有4例（8．89％）仅消毒伤口未规范冲洗，接种不及时，有38例（84．44％）未对伤口进行规范处置及预防接种。结论犬饲养量大，管理、健教工作不到位，人们对狂犬病的危害认知不足，暴露后伤口处理不及时不规范，不及时接种狂犬疫苗与注射抗狂犬病毒免疫球蛋白或抗狂犬病毒血清是狂犬病发病的主要原因。

Epidemiological investigation and analysis of 45 human rabies cases in Hanzhong city

Objective To master the rabies epidemic regularity, this paper discusses the reasons and mlluencmg factors of the disease, provide the basis for effective prevention and control. Methods To conduct epidemiological case investigation and analysis of 45 rabies cases diagnosis reported by Hanzhong medical institutions. Results The onset age 50 - take 46.67% , 5 - take 4.44% , mainly farmers （91.11% ） . The longest incu- bation period is 180 d, the shortest is 11 d, the average is 64.41 d; ordinary stray, domesticate dogs are absolute advantage exposed animals. The 45 cases including 3 cases （6.67%） specification to deal with the wound and vaccinated rabies vaccine, 4 cases （8.89%） only disinfected the wound, but not washing standardly , vaccination is not timely, 38 cases （84.44%） without specification of wound disposal and vaccination. Conclusions High numbers of dogs raised, lack of management and healthy teaching work, insufficient cognition to the harm of rabies, untimely and inaccurate wound treatment after exposure, untimely vaccinated with rabies, injection of rabies virus immune globulin or anti - rabies serum are the main cause of rabies incidence.