宝鸡市居民高血压流行病学调查分析

目的调查宝鸡市居民高血压患病现况及其影响因素。方法采用多阶段分层随机抽样法抽取居民户5020户，采用KishGrid表法随机确定居民户中1名15岁以上常住居民接受自制问卷和食物频率表问卷调查，并接受身体测量。计数资料采用率或构成比的X^2检验，采用非条件Logistic回归分析高血压影响因素，以P〈0．05为差异有统计学意义。结果有效样本人数4968人，其中男2521人（50．74％），女2447人（49．26％）；高血压患病率为20．83％（1035／4968），高血压标化率为31．23％。高血压患病率随年龄和BMI增大而升高（X^2年龄=506．870，X^2BMI：137．240，P〈0．05），随文化程度和家庭经济收入升高而下降（X^2文化=247．270，X^2家庭经济收入=60．241，P〈0．05）；非条件Logistic回归分析结果提示，年龄、超重、肥胖、从不锻炼和吸烟是宝鸡市居民高血压的危险因素，而小学以上文化程度、较高的家庭经济收入是保护因素。结论宝鸡市高血压患病率较高，年龄、体重、文化程度、家庭经济收入和吸烟综合影响着当地居民高血压患病风险。

An epidemiological survey of hypertension among residents in Baoji City

Objective To investigate the prevalence of hypertension and its related factors in Baoji City. Methods A stratified multistage sampling was used to select 5020 Households in Baoji city, then a resident over 15 years old was determined randomly form the households by Kish Grid table method and was investigated by homemade questionnaire and food frequency questionnaire, and accepted body measurement. Rates or propor- tions of count data was tested by Chi -square test, on -conditional logistic regression was performed to analysis influencing factors of hypertension, P 〈 0. 05 was considered statistically significant. Results In this study, 4968 persons assembled as valid samples, male were 2521 （50. 74 % ）, female was 2447 （49.26%） . The hypertension prevalence rate was 20. 83% （1035/4968） , the standardized rate was 31.23%. The prevalence increased with rising age and BMI （ X^2ago = 506. 870, X^2BMI = 137. 240, P 〈 0.05 ） , and declined with rising education level and family income （X^2culture =247. 270, X2family income = 60. 241, P 〈 0. 05） . Non -conditional logistic regression showed that age, overweight, obesity, never exercise weekly and smoking were risk factor, but primary, secondary and higher education and higher family income were protective factors for hypertension prevalence. Conclusions The prevalence of hypertension in Baoji city is relatirely highes, age, weight, education level, family income and smoking affected together the risk of hypertension among local residents.