中国2008年麻疹实验室网络的运转情况分析

目的评价中国（未包括香港、澳门特别行政区和台湾地区）2008年麻疹实验室网络（Measles Laboratory Network,MLN）的运转状况。方法分析全国2008年MLN监测数据库、中国疾病预防控制中心（CDC）病毒病预防控制所国家麻疹实验室（National Measles Laboratory,NML）血清学和病毒学监测数据库,评价中国MLN运转的各项指标。结果①血清学监测：全国2008年1-9月报告共采集麻疹血清学标本107160份,标本采集率为77.93%;采集合格标本并有IgM阳性实验室结果的53778份,实验室确诊率为50.2%。②病毒学监测：2008年18个省（自治区、直辖市,下同）CDC麻疹实验室共送检287株麻疹病毒,经证实全部为麻疹野病毒H1基因型中的H1a亚型;4个省CDC麻疹实验室共送检29株阳性风疹病毒,均为1E基因型。③MLN质量控制：同时作为世界卫生组织（WHO）西太平洋区参比实验室的NML,2008年通过了WHO的职能考核和现场认证;天津、山西、山东、浙江、吉林、广西、湖北7个省（自治区、直辖市）CDC麻疹实验室通过了WHO专家组的实验室现场认证;31个省CDC麻疹实验室通过了由NML组织的血清标本复核和职能考核。结论中国2008年MLN运转良好,为疑似麻疹病例的实验室诊断和麻疹流行的监测提供了良好的技术平台,同时也获得了本土麻疹和风疹流行株,积累了大量中国的麻疹和风疹野病毒基因背景资料,为2012年消除麻疹奠定了良好的实验室基础。

The Running Status of Chinese Measles Laboratory Network in 2008

Objective To evaluate the running status of Measles laboratory network of China （Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan were excluded） in 2008. Methods To analyze the database of Measles laboratory network surveillance of the year 2008, and the database of serologic and virologic surveillance of National laboratory for Measles in Chinese Centers for Disease Control and Prevention（CCDC）, then the indicators of the running of Measles laboratory network of China were analyzed. Results 1, serologic surveillance： 107,160 Measles sera samples were collected between Feburary and September of 2008, and the collection rate was 77.93%; 53 778 samples were qualified and positive for IgM, the positive percentage was 50.2%. 2, Virologic surveillance： 287 Measles viral isolates were isolated by 18 provincial Measles laboratories in 2008, all were certified as H1a genotype, H1a genotype was still the predominant genotype circulating in China; 29 Rubella viral isolates were isolated by 4 provincial Measles laboratories in 2008, all belonged to 1E genotype. 3, Laboratory quality control： National laboratory for Measles passed the proficiency test and on-site review in 2008; all provincial Measles laboratories passed the sera samples recheck and proficiency test hold by National laboratory for Measles in 2008; Tianjin, Shanxi, Shandong, Zhejiang, Jilin, Hubei, Guangxi provincial Measles laboratory passed the on-site review by WHO. Conclusion The running status of Chinese Measles laboratory network was good in 2008, and good laboratory quality control system was also set up, methods such as specimens collection, serologic detection, cell culture and viral isolation, etc, were standardized, and applied to Chinese Measles laboratory network, and it provided important scientific basis for eradication Measles in the year of 2012.