27779例患者输血治疗前血液传染性指标检测结果分析

目的 了解住院患者输血治疗前血液传染性指标乙型肝炎病毒表面抗原(HBsAg)、抗丙型肝炎病毒抗体(抗-HCV)、抗人类免疫缺陷病毒抗体(抗-HIV)、抗梅毒螺旋体抗体(抗-TP)的阳性率.方法 采用ELISA对2008~2010年于该院接受输血治疗的27 779例住院患者进行HBsAg、抗-HCV、抗-HIV、抗-TP初筛;初筛阳性标本进行确证检测,HBsAg、抗-HCV检测采用荧光定量聚合酶链反应,抗-TP检测采用梅毒螺旋体颗粒明胶凝集试验,抗-HIV阳性标本送艾滋病检测确证实验室进行确证检测.结果 27 779例患者HBsAg、抗-HCV、抗-TP、抗-HIV确证阳性率分别为6.88%(1 910/27 779)、0.72%(199/27 779)、1.04%(290/27 779)、0.03%(8/27 779).结论 在输血治疗前对患者进行血液传染性指标的检测,有利于避免医疗纠纷,也有利于加强医护人员的自我防护,避免医源性污染.

Results analysis of blood infectious indicators in 27 779 patients before blood transfusion

Objective To understand the positive rate of blood infectious indicators,including hepatitis B virus surface antigen(HBsAg),anti-hepatitis C virus antibody(anti-HCV),anti-human immunodeficiency virus antibody(anti-HIV) and anti-Treponema pallidum antibody(anti-TP),in patients before blood transfusion.Methods Serum samples form 27 779 patients,receiving blood transfusion in this hospital during 2008 and 2009,were detected for HBsAg,anti-HCV,anti-HIV and anti-TP by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Positive samples were confirmed for HBsAg and anti-HCV by fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction,for anti-TP by Treponema pallidum particle agglutination(TPPA) test,and anti-HIV positive samples were confirmed by Confirmation Laboratory of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome.Results The confirmed positive rates of HBsAg,anti-HCV,anti-HIV and anti-TP were 6.88%(1 910/27 779),0.72%(199/27 779),1.04%(290/27 779) and 0.03%(8/27 779).Conclusion Detection of blood infectious indicators in patients before blood transfusion could be helpful for avoiding medical malpractice and iatrogenic contamination,and strengthening the self-protection of medical staffs.