强烈化疗和自体外周血造血干细胞移植及维甲酸治疗晚期神经母细胞瘤

目的 探讨强烈化疗、自体造血干细胞移植及维甲酸对晚期神经母细胞瘤的治疗效果方法 研究Ⅳ期神经母细胞瘤患儿6例,年龄4～8岁,发病时间1个月～1年;原发部位腹部5例、胸部1例,均有骨髓转移,1例有多发性骨转移及球后病变。成立多学科参与的治疗小组,采用术前化疗、手术切除、强烈化疗、局部放疗、自体外周血造血干细胞移植及维甲酸生物治疗等。结果 经综合治疗造血干细胞移植前6例均达到完全缓解,骨髓中肿瘤细胞消失,骨转移及球后病变被控制。化疗中骨髓抑制明显,血象恢复较慢,达3～4周。感染明显,三分之一疗程后发热,用头孢他定(商品名复达欣)、亚胺培南(商品名泰能)等感染被控制。造血干细胞移植过程顺利。术后随诊4～18个月疾病处于完全缓解状态,心、肝、肾器官功能正常,骨髓恢复正常或在恢复中。结论 强烈化疗、自体外周血造血干细胞移植及维甲酸是治疗Ⅳ期神经母细胞瘤的有效方法。

Treatment of high-risk neuroblastoma with intensive chemotherapy, autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation, and 13-cis-retinoic acid

OBJECTIVE: The prognosis for neuroblastoma in advanced stage is still poor, even under conventional chemotherapy. This study aimed to investigate if very high dose chemotherapy in conjunction with autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation and 13-cis-retinoic acid could get excellent results in children with high risk neuroblastoma. METHODS: Six children, aged from 4 to 8 years, with stage IV neuroblastoma were included in the study. The duration of the illness before admission was 1 to 12 months. Primary sites of the diseases were in the abdominal cavity (n = 5) and thoracic cavity (n = 1). All of patients had bone marrow metastasis, and one had multiple bone metastasis and orbital metastasis. All of the patients received very high dose chemotherapy, surgery, local radiation (20-30 Gy), and autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation as well as 13-cis retinoic acid. Induction chemotherapy included vincristine 0.67 mg/(m2 x 24 h, x 3), cyclophosphamide 2.1 g/(m2 x 24 h, x 2) and doxorubicin 25 mg/(m2 x 24 h, x 3) for 4 courses. Drugs were given as 24 hour-continuous intravenous infusion. Etopside 200 mg/(m2 x 24 h, x 3) and cisplatin 50 mg/(m2 x 24 h, x 3) were given for 2 courses. Conditioning regimen included carboplatin 400 mg/(m2.d) for 4 days, etoposide 300 mg/(m2.d) for 4 days and melphalan 70 mg/(m2.d) for 3 days. 13-cis retinoic acid 160 mg/(m2.d) started on +59 days for 6 courses, each course including 14 days therapy and 14 days rest. RESULTS: Six patients got a complete response before stem cell transplantation. Their bone marrow metastasis disappeared and so did bone and orbital metastasis. However, marrow suppression due to very high dose chemotherapy occurred in all of the patients, which lasted for 3-4 weeks for peripheral leukocyte recovery. Fever occurred after they finished 1/3 course of chemotherapy. Infection, however, was cured with the use of Fortum and Imipenem, ect. Autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation was initiated and successful in all cases. Follow-up studies revealed that all the patients were in CR status 4-18 months after transplant, and the cardiac and liver and renal functions were normal. Meanwhile, bone marrow was recovered or in the process of recovery. CONCLUSION: The new strategies focused on very high dose chemotherapy, autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation and biological therapy might be a good option for patients with advance neuroblastoma.