生物材料作为口服胰岛素载体的稳定性及缓释作用

目的:探讨生物材料作为载体,在保持口服胰岛素制备与消化过程中的生物活性及建立满足人体生理需求的胰岛素的释放速率的模式中的应用.方法:用计算机检索中国期刊全文数据库(CNKI:1989/2009)和Medline database(1989/2009),按纳入和排除标准,对文献进行筛选,资料收集和质量评价,共纳入31篇文章.从常用口服胰岛素载体生物材料、保持口服胰岛素在制备与消化过程中的生物活性及建立满足人体生理需求的胰岛素的释放速率模式3方面进行总结.结果:以生物材料作为载体包埋胰岛素,可避免胰岛素被胃肠蛋白酶降解,提高其在胃肠道内的稳定性,并有利于肠道黏膜对胰岛素的摄取和转运,在人体内递药过程中又能实现靶向控制药物释放,提高药物的生物利用度,满足人体生理需求的胰岛素的释放速率模式,实现了胰岛素的持续释放.结论:在胰岛素载体材料的研究过程中,生物材料以其优势发展迅速.随着研究的进一步深入,作为口服胰岛素载体的生物材料将向临床实际应用方向发展.

Stability and sustained release of biomaterials as oral insulin vector

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the bioactivity of biomaterials during oral insulin preparation and digestion, and to study the application of biomaterial to establish release velocity style that was satisfactory for human physiological drive. METHODS: Based on inclusion and exclusion criteria, articles were retrieved from CNKI and Medline database from 1989 to 2009, and a total of 31 articles were included in the final analysis. This study was summarized according to three fields: common biomaterials for oral insulin vector, bioactivity of oral insulin during preparation and digestion, and insulin release velocity style that was satisfactory for human physiological drive. RESULTS: Biomaterial vector which were used to coated insulin could prevent insulin degradation by erepsin and enhance insulin stability. In addition, biomaterial vector benefited for uptake and transport of intestinal tract mucosa to insulin, target-control of drug release, enhancement of drug bioavailability, and establishment of insulin release velocity style for human physiological drive so as to realize sustained release of insulin. CONCLUSION: Performance of biomaterials has been developed rapidly. With the further study, biomaterials as oral insulin vector will develop for clinical application.