不同质量配比壳聚糖/聚乙烯醇复合材料组织工程支架的制备：结构及性能比较

背景：聚乙烯醇具有与人体组织相近的含水量、良好的生物相容性和较高的机械强度，适合作为组织工程基质材料。但如何改善其细胞亲和性，是将其作为组织再生支架材料的关键。目的：制备壳聚糖/聚乙烯醇复合支架，探讨其作为修复人体损伤组织或器官组织工程支架材料的可行性。方法：将固定相对分子质量和醇解度的聚乙烯醇124与固定脱乙酰度的壳聚糖按不同质量配比复合，分别用成膜法、成颗粒法、冷冻干燥法制备壳聚糖/聚乙烯醇复合支架。测定复合膜的透光率、含水率、膨胀率；测定复合颗粒和复合海绵的含水率；并用扫描电镜观察复合支架横截面的形貌。结果与结论：通过改变复合支架中壳聚糖与聚乙烯醇和含量，制备7种不同质量配比的复合支架。成膜法制备的复合支架，其透光率为70%~80%，含水率为121.2%~162.5%，膨胀率为60.3%~133.7%；成颗粒法和冷冻干燥法制备的复合支架，其含水率分别为82.0%~461.2%和280.8%~1939.0%。聚乙烯醇与壳聚糖的质量配比为0.75/0.15时，复合支架的综合性能最好。扫描电镜观察显示，聚乙烯醇与壳聚糖的质量配比为0.75/0.15时，用冷冻干燥法制备的复合支架其内部结构规整，呈蓬松纤维状，有较好的力学性能和较高的含水率。关键词：聚乙烯醇；壳聚糖；复合支架；组织工程；生物材料doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2010.03.023

Preparation of chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol composite scaffold at different mass ratios: Comparison of structure and characteristics

BACKGROUND: Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) has similar water content as human tissues, good biocompatibility and high mechanical strength, thereby being utilized as tissue-engineered matrix material. However, the modification in cellular affinity benefits the function as tissue regeneration scaffold materials.OBJECTIVE: To prepare chitosan (CS) / PVA composite scaffold and explore the feasibility of serving as a scaffold for tissue engineering. METHODS: Scaffolds of CS/PVA was fabricated by blending PVA-124 with various amounts of CS using film forming, particle forming, and free-drying methods. Water content, light transmittance, and swelling ratio were tested. Scanning electron microscope was used to observe the configuration of the cross section.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A total of 7 different proportional scaffolds were obtained with different PVA and CS dosage. The composite film showed light transmittance between 70%-80%, high water content between 121.2%-162.5% and swelling ratio between 60.3%-133.7%.Composite particle and sponge obtained water content between 82.0%-461.2% and 280.8%- 1 939.0%. Composite scaffold with the amount ratio of PVA 0.75 g/CS 0.15 g exhibited the best performance. Scanning electron microscope showed that at a mass ratio of PVA 0.75 g/CS 0.15 g, the scaffold prepared by freeze-drying method had regular, fluffy inner structure, with good mechanics and high water content.