不凝集弧菌污染水体与水生动物消毒的研究

<正> 不凝集弧菌可以引起霍乱样腹泻,近年来许多国家有本病流行的报导。研究污染水体和水生动物的消毒对预防和控制该病的发生甚为重要。我们在实验室用人工方法污染水样和水生动物,并观察了漂白粉精和过氧乙酸对它们的消毒效果。

STUDY ON DISINFECTION OF WATER AND AQUATIC ANIMALS CONTAMINATED BY NON-AGGLUTINABLE VIBRIO

Method of disinfection of water and aquatic animals contaminated by non-agglutinable vibrio (NAV) was studied in laboratory. It was demonstrated in experiment that the body surfaces of fishes, shrimps, snails and clams would be contaminated after staying in water containing 10~6 NAV//ml for 30 min. The intestine of fish could also be contaminated after staying in water containing 10~8 NAV/ml for 30 min.Treatment with 0.05 g/L peracetic acid for 30 min could kill NAV in water, 0.1 g/L could kill NAV on the body surfaces of aquatic animals, but increase of concentration of peracetic acid to 0.3 g/L led to decrease of bactericidal effect due to formation of a layer of white membrane on surface of aquatic animal.When the solution of calcium hypochlorite was used, a dosage of 15 mg/L (available chlorine) could kill NAV in water and that on surfaces of aquatic animals after 30 min and 60 min of action respectively. Addition of iodine (10 and 20 ppm) to the solution of calcium hypochlorite (available chlorine 5～10 mg/L) did not potentiate the bactericidal effect.The higher the turbidity of the water' the lower the disinfection effectiveness. The larger the amount of NAV in water, the more difficult the disinfection of surface of aquatic animals.