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A systematic review of force decay in orthodontic elastomeric power chains
Authors:Abdelali Halimi  Hicham Benyahia  Anas Doukkali  Mohamed-Faouzi Azeroual  Fatima Zaoui
Affiliation:1. University Mohammed V-Souissi (UM5S), Oral Biomechanics and Biotechnology Research Unit, Dentofacial Orthopedics Department, College of Dental Medicine, centre hospitalier Ibn-Sina, BP 6212, Rabat-Instituts, Madinat Al Irfane, Rabat, Morocco;2. University Mohammed V-Souissi (UM5S), Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, College of Medicine and Pharmacy, centre hospitalier Ibn-Sina, BP 6212, Rabat-Instituts, Madinat Al Irfane, Rabat, Morocco;3. University Mohammed V-Souissi (UM5S), College of Dental Medicine, Dentofacial Orthopedics Department, Clinical and Epidemiological Biostatistics Research Laboratory (LBRCE), centre hospitalier Ibn-Sina, BP 6212, Rabat-Instituts, Madinat Al Irfane, Rabat, Morocco;1. Professor and head, Department of Orthodontics, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil;2. Postgraduate student, Department of Orthodontics, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil;3. Professor, Department of Orthodontics, Bauru Dental School, University of São Paulo, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil;1. Richard P. McLaughlin is a graduate of the University of Southern California, Dept. of Orthodontics, and is in private practice in San Diego, California. He is currently President of the Edward H. Angle Society and is the founder of The McLaughlin Program, a private 2-year postgraduate orthodontic course;2. John Bennett is a graduate of the UCL Eastman Dental Institute in London, England. He was in private practice for many years in London. After a period of teaching at European University College in Dubai, he has returned to the UK to resume clinical work. He has authored or co-authored 7 orthodontic textbooks;1. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Amsterdam UMC and Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands;2. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Northwest Clinics, Alkmaar, The Netherlands;3. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, MKA Kennemer & Meer and Spaarne Gasthuis, Haarlem, The Netherlands;1. Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran;2. Iranian Tissue Engineering and Graft Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;3. Department of Dental Anatomy and Morphology, Dental Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran;1. Aja university of Medical Sciences, Dental School, Department of Orthodontics, Tehran, Iran;2. Aja university of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;3. Aja University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;4. Private practice, Endodontist, Tehran, Iran
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