基于精细化护理构建危重新生儿亚专科护理小组及评价

目的建立以精细化护理为导向的危重新生儿亚专科护理小组并评价其效果。方法根据半结构访谈建立呼吸道护理、消化道管理、皮肤护理、血管通路、个体化发育支持、院内感染防治6个危重新生儿亚专科护理小组;制订亚专科护理小组工作内容并实施;基于危重新生儿护理质量指标制订培训方案;以情景模拟结合案例实施亚专科护理培训;同时开展护理新技术、新项目。结果实施危重新生儿亚专科护理小组后,新生儿护士的理论考核成绩、临床工作能力考核各维度和总分均高于实施前(P<0.01);发表论文、获批国家实用新型专利、获批院级及以上科研课题增加;危重新生儿护理质量方面疼痛管理、母乳喂养率、尿布性皮炎发生率实施前后比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论以精细化护理为导向的危重新生儿亚专科护理小组的建立和开展,有利于提高新生儿科护士专科理论水平,促进护士临床工作能力和科研水平的提升,进而提高危重新生儿护理质量。

Construction and effect of subspecialty nursing team for critically ill newborns based on refined nursing

Objective To explore the effect of subspecialty nursing team for critically ill newborns based on refined nursing.Methods Based on semi-structured interviews,six subspecialty nursing teams in critically ill neonatology were established,including respiratory care,digestive tract management,skin care,vascular access,personalized development support,and nosocomial infection prevention.Formulated and implemented subspecialty nursing team work content.Developed training programs based on the nursing quality indicators of critically ill newborns,implemented subspecialty nursing training with scenario simulation combined with cases,and carryed out new nursing technologies and new projects at the same time.Results After the implementation of the subspeciality nursing team for critically ill neonates,the theoretical scores,clinical work ability dimensions and total scores of neonatal nurses were higher than before(P<0.01).The number of published articles,national utility model patents and scientific research projects above the school level increased.There were statistically significant differences in pain assessment,breastfeeding rate and incidence of red buttock before and after implementation(P<0.05).Conclusion The construction of subspecialty nursing team for critically ill newborns based on refined nursing can improve the theoretical level of neonatology nurses,clinical work ability and scientific research level,as well as the quality of care for critically ill newborns.