燃煤砷污染区人群血、尿生化指标检测分析

目的 检测并分析燃煤砷污染区人群血、尿生化参数的变化特点,为砷对人体健康危害及早期防治提供参考依据。方法 采用生物化学法检测贵州省兴仁县燃煤砷污染区185名砷接触者和65名对照者31项血、尿生化参数。结果 血液系统18项参数中,砷暴露者红细胞(4.09±0.73)×10¹²/L、血红蛋白(122.35±23.54)g/L、红细胞压积(35.85±7.09)%和血小板平均体积(1.02±0.14)g/L明显降低;平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度(351.38±12.15)g/L明显升高,与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);肝肾功能13项血、尿生化参数中,血肌酐(134.14±51.73)μmol/L、尿胆红素阳性率15.2%,尿白细胞阳性率17.9%,与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 燃煤砷污染对人体血液系统和肝肾功能有一定影响,定期选择性检测本实验筛检出的异常指标并结合反映肝肾早期损害的敏感指标谷胱甘肽硫转移酶(GSTs)和β₂-微球蛋白(β₂-MG),有助于早期发现和了解砷所致的血液系统和肝肾功能损害。

Blood and urine biochemical tests in people exposed to coal-burning arsenic pollution

Objective To detect and analyze biochemical parameters of blood and urine among people exposed to coal burning arsenic pollution for early prev ention and treatment of arsenic poisoning.Methods Biochemical methods were used to detect 31 blood and urine biochemical parameters in 185 subjects exposed to arsenic in Xingren county of Guizhou province and 65 subjects of control group from the area without arsenic pollution.Results For 18 blood parameters reflecting hematological alteration,the red blood cell(RBC,4.09±0.73×10¹²/L),hemoglob in concentration(HGB,122.35±23.54 g/L),hemoto crit(HCT,35 85±7.09%)and mean platelet volume(MPV,1.02±0.14 g/L)contents decreased significantly while mean corpuscular hemoglob in concentration(MCHC,351.38±12.15g/L)increased significantly(P<0.01) among subjects exposed to arsenic pollution.For 13 items of blood and urinebio chemical parameters reflecting the liver and kidney function,only serum crea tinine(SCr,134.14±51.73 μmol/L),bilirubin(BIL,15.2%)and leucocyte(LEU,17.9%)positive rates were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Coalburning arsenism has certa in mipact on human blood system and liver and kidney function.Regular and selective determination of the abnormal biochemical parameters in combination with glutathione Stransferase(GSTs),β₂ microglobulin(β₂ MG)are beneficial to early identification of arsenic caused hematological liver and kidney mipairment.