结核分枝杆菌效应T细胞斑点试验在临床快速诊断结核病中的应用研究

目的探讨结核分枝杆菌效应T细胞斑点试验(ELISPOT-TB)在临床快速诊断结核病中的应用价值。方法利用ELISPOT-TB方法检测外周血中结核分枝杆菌效应T细胞的频率,同时与涂片抗酸染色及BACT/ALERT3D结核菌培养做比对。结果 200例结核病患者中,165例ELISPOT-TB阳性,提示方法敏感度为82.5%(165/200),显著高于其他方法。70例非结核其他呼吸道疾病组中有10例阳性,80名健康对照组中有10例阳性,方法的特异度为86.7%(130/150)。结论 ELISPOT-TB方法的敏感度和特异度均很高,在结核病的快速诊断中,尤其是菌阴患者的诊断中,有重要的临床价值。

The application research of test of effector T cell to Mycobacterium tuberculosis in clinical quick diagnosis of tuberculosis

Objective To explore the application value of test of effector T cell to Mycobacterium tuberculosis（ELISPOT-TB） in clinical quick diagnosis of tuberculosis.Methods The amount of effector T cell in Mycobacterium tuberculosis in peripheral blood（PB） was detected by ELISPOT-TB and compared with acid fast staining and BACT/ALERT 3D tubercle bacillus culture.Results Of 200 patients with tuberculosis,165 patients were found positive by ELISPOT-TB,which indicated that ELISPOT-TB had a sensitivity of 82.5%（165/200） and was significantly higher than other methods.Ten patients were found positive in control group of non-tuberculosis respiratory disease（n=70） and ten patients positive in healthy control group（n=80）,with the specificity of the method being 86.7%（130/150）.Conclusion ELISPOT-TB had very high sensitivity and specificity.Thus,ELISPOT-TB might have major clinical value in quick diagnosis of tuberculosis,especially the negative tuberculosis.