大鼠精子在附睾成熟中精子膜变化的研究

我们运用Ｐｅｒｃｏｌｌ离心技术对ＳＤ大鼠附睾头、体、尾各段的精子分离纯化后，再用硫代巴比妥酸法、酶法、ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＬ电泳技术等对精手膜依次进行唾液酸、甘油－３－磷酸胆碱（ＧＰＣ）及蛋白质含量变化的检测。结果显示：精子膜唾液酸、ＧＰＣ量不断降低且有显著统计学意义（Ｐ＜０．０１）。附睾头、体、尾各段精子膜唾液酸和ＧＰＣ量分别为１０．１８±２．８２、８．４２±３．０７、７．８３±２．７９μｇ／１０８精子；１１２．３１±２８．１４、１０９．３３±３７．１６、７４．５０±２５．１３ｎｍｏｌ／１０８精子（－ｘ±ｓ）。膜蛋白变化主要是由大分子蛋白转变成较小分工的蛋白。大鼠精子附睾转运中精子膜的变化与精子成熟具有十分密切的关系。

Study on changes of rat sperm membrane during the epididymal transit

The objectives of this study are:(1)to isolate and purify the SD rat sperm from epididymiscaput,corpus and cauda by Percoll centrifugal technique,(2)to estimate the changes of sialic acid,glycerol-3-phosphoryicholine(GPC)and proteins on the sperm membrane with methods ofthiobarbituric acid,enzyme and SDS-PAGE electrophoresis. The results showed:(1)The content of the sialic acid on the epididymal sperm membrane are 10,18±2.82(caput),8.2± 3,07(corpus)and 7.83 ± 2.79μg/ 108sperm (cauda,-x±s) respectively. There is signifi-cant difference among these groups(P<0.01).(2)The content of the GPC on the epididymal sperm mem-brane are 112.31 ± 28.14(caput), 109.33± 37.16(corpus)and 74.50±25.13 nmol/ 108 sperm(cauda,-x±s)respectively.There is significant difference between caput and cauda,corpus and cauda(P< 0.01).Butthe change of the sperm membrane from the caput to corpus is not significant(P>0.05).(3)The proteinson the sperm membane have been modified including loss of membrane proteins and formation of newmembrane proteins。The physiological significance of the sialic acid,GPC and proteins changes on the sperm membraneduring the epididymal trdnsit is:(1)The sialic acid level on the sperm membrane may be involved in themaintenance of the ionic balance,in the antigenic interaction between the epididymis and sperm, in thestabilization of the acrosome, in the sperm structural integrity and in the fertilized preparation。(2)TheGPC level on the sperm membrane is involved in the structural integrity and fluidity of the sperm mem-brane(3)The changes of protein in the sperm membrane are related to the formation of the sperm specif-ic antlgens.