不规则抗体筛查在临床安全输血中的重要性分析

目的:检测受血者及孕妇血清中不规则抗体的存在情况,确保临床输血安全并预防母婴血型不合时,可能导致的严重的新生儿溶血病的发生。方法:收取我院2010年5月至2011年4月住院部及急诊,门诊产科所提供的7580例不规则抗体筛查与鉴定结果,采用免疫微柱凝胶卡式法,试管法间接抗人球蛋白法进行不规则抗体检测并分析。结果:64例阳性标本中,男性19例,女性45例。经抗体特异性鉴定,抗D阳性12例,抗E阳性23例,抗e阳性6例,抗C阳性14例,抗c阳性6例,抗M阳性1例,抗Lewis阳性1例,抗Diego阳性1例。结论:对输血前患者进行不规则抗体筛查和鉴定,是避免发生迟发型免疫性溶血性输血反应的重要保证,当母婴血型不合时,对孕母进行不规则抗体筛查,对预防新生儿溶血病的发生也有着非常重要的意义。

Importance of irregular antibody screening to clinical transfusion safety

Objective:To detect the existences of irregular antibody in blood recipients and maternal serum in order to clinical transfusion safety and prevent the occurrence of severe hemolytic disease of the newborn when there is maternal-child blood group incompatibility.Methods:The irregular antibody screening and identification results of 7580 cases were collected in in-patient department,emergency and outpatient obstetric of the hospital from May 2010 to Apr 2011 in which irregular antibody were detected and analysed by microcolumn gel card test and indirect antiglobulin test.Results:Male was 19 cases and female was 45 cases in 64 positive samples in which anti-D positive was 12 cases,anti-E positive was 23 cases,anti-e positive was 6 cases,anti-C positive was 14 cases,anti-c positive was 6 cases,anti-M positive was 1 case,anti-Lewis positive was 1 case and anti-Diego positive was 1 case.Conclusion:Irregular antibody screening and identifying in patients before transfusion is important guarantee to avoid occurring late-onset autoimmune hemolytic transfusion reaction when there is maternal-child blood group incompatibility,which is of great significance to preventing hemolytic disease of newborn.