骨质疏松症的共病研究与早期筛查

骨质疏松症患者常共患多种疾病，涉及内分泌、循环、呼吸、泌尿、免疫、骨骼肌肉、神经等多系统疾病，共病发生率较高，且这些共病可能会加重骨质疏松症，从而增加骨质疏松性骨折发生的风险，严重影响患者生活质量，同时使疾病管理更加复杂，给家庭和社会带来沉重负担。目前对于骨质疏松症共病的研究较为缺乏，现有的研究策略在共因、共防、共治方面难以有效指导临床医生开展共病管理。鉴于此，建议引入多学科综合治疗（MDT）理念，加强骨质疏松症相关共病及其致病机制的认识，对于可能合并骨质疏松症的患者需尽早筛查，一旦发现骨量减少、骨质疏松，应积极进行防治以降低骨折风险，早筛、早诊、早治，实现骨质疏松症共病的共防、共治。

Comorbidities of Osteoporosis: Recent Advances and Early Screening

Comorbidities are highly prevalent in osteoporosis patients, including endocrine, circulatory, respiratory, urinary, immune, musculoskeletal, and neurological diseases, which may aggravate osteoporosis, increase the risk of osteoporotic fracture, and seriously affect the quality of patient's life, bringing more challenges to associated clinical management, and imposing a heavy burden on the families and society. There is still a lack of studies on comorbidities of osteoporosis, and the existing research strategies are inadequate to support clinicians to carry out comorbidity management in terms of understanding the causes of osteoporosis and associated comorbidities, and delivering interventions for prevention and treatment of both of them. In view of this, it is suggested to use multidisciplinary integrated treatment, and strengthen the understanding of osteoporosis related comorbidities and their pathogenesis. Moreover, the screening for osteoporosis in people with possible osteoporosis risk should be performed as early as possible, and actions should be taken actively to reduce the risk of fracture in those who are found with osteopenia or osteoporosis. Early screening, diagnosis and treatment are necessary to realize the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis and associated comorbidities.