河北省涞源县40岁以上人群肺功能流行病学调查

目的 调查保定涞源县农村地区年龄≥40岁人群的人口基线特征、流行病学特征及肺功能相关参数。方法 采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法抽取各中心卫生院片区的年龄≥40岁农村常住居民，采取集中调查和入户调查相结合方式，在统一培训的呼吸科医师面对面的帮助下，完成量表填写及肺功能检查。结果 共抽取调查对象700例，有效调查655例，合格率为93.6%。其中男性394例，女性261例，年龄(49.49±6.17)岁；人群总吸烟率43.4%(n=284),吸烟指数≥15(支/天×年数)的人群占总人数的43.4%(n=284);肺功能示用力肺活量(FVC)(3.60±0.86) L,第一秒用力呼气容积(FEV1)(2.80±0.63) L, FEV1/FVC(78.09±6.23)%,最大呼气中段流量(MMEF)75/25%pre(60.69±22.59)%,用力呼气流量(FEF)50%pre (74.98±23.70)%,FEF75%pre (56.27±22.53)%,存在小气道功能障碍123例(18.8%),限制性通气功能障碍56例(8.5%),阻塞性通气功能障碍211例(32.2%)。结论 农村...

Epidemiological survey on pulmonary functions of people over 40 years old in Laiyuan County,Hebei Province

Objective To investigate the baseline characteristics, epidemiological characteristics and pulmonary function-related parameters of people aged ≥40 years in rural areas of Laiyuan County, Baoding. Methods Multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was applied to select rural residents aged ≥40 years old in public health center, and the combination of centralized survey and household survey was adopted to close the completion of questionnaires and lung function tests. Results A total of 700 respondents were selected for surveying, 655 cases with the pass rate of 93.6% were effectively surveyed. Wherein, 394 respondents were males, 261 respondents were females, and the age was ranged between (49.49±6.17) years old. The population with the total smoking rate of 43.4% (n=284) and smoking index ≥15 (cigarettes/day×years) accounted for 43.4% of the total population (n=284). The pulmonary function showed forced vital capacity (FVC) of (3.60±0.86) L, forced expiratory volume in the 1st second (FEV1) of (2.80±0.63) L, FEV1/FVC of (78.09±6.23)%, maximal mid-expiratory flow (MMEF) 75/25%pre of (60.69±22.59)%, forced expiratory flow (FEF) 50% pre of (74.98±23.70)%, FEF75% pre of (56.27±22.53)%. 123 cases (18.8%) were found to have small airway dysfunction, 56 cases (8.5%) were noted to have restrictive ventilation dysfunction, and 211 cases (32.2%) were confirmed to have obstructive ventilation dysfunction. Conclusion The morbidity rate of small airway dysfunction, restrictive ventilation and obstructive ventilation in people aged ≥40 years in rural areas (Laiyuan County) was 18.8%, 8.5% and 32.2%, respectively. The research on obstructive airway disease becomes necessary in the future to analyze corresponding independent factors, and further to prevent and treat related factors.