“4C”教学法联合双向评价法在胃肠外科护理带教中的应用

目的 探讨“联系、概念、实用练习和总结（connections,concepts,concrete practice and conclusions,4C）”教学法联合双向评价法在胃肠外科护理带教中的应用效果,为人才培养和实习质量控制提供参考。方法 采用历史对照研究,前瞻性纳入2020年5月至2022年5月医院胃肠外科接收的实习护生作为研究对象,根据实习护生进科顺序分为对照组（2020年5月至2021年5月进科,64人）和研究组（2021年6月至2022年5月进科,93人）。对照组采用传统护理带教法教学,研究组采用“4C”教学法联合双向评价法教学。比较两组实习6周时护生理论知识成绩和操作成绩;比较两组实习前、实习6周时护生的自我导向学习能力利用中文版自我导向学习评定量表评估（self-rating scale of self-directed learning,SRSSDL）来评估];比较两组护生对带教质量的评价情况。采用SPSS 25.0软件进行t检验和卡方检验。结果 对照组中1人自愿退出实习,观察组中2人自愿退出实习,最终对照组63人、研究组91人进入本次研究。两组护生基线资料比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。实习6周时,研究组理论知识成绩（87.96±4.62）和操作成绩（92.60±4.25）均高于对照组（86.02±4.53）（88.27±4.31）]（P<0.05）。实习6周时,两组实习护生的学习意识、学习行为、学习策略、学习评价、人际关系技能及自我导向学习能力总分均高于实习前,且研究组高于对照组（P<0.05）。实习2周、4周、6周,两组实习护生评估带教教师带教质量的评分较实习1周逐渐升高。结论 胃肠外科护理带教中“4C”教学法联合双向评价法可提高护生护理理论知识、实践操作能力和自我导向学习能力,同时有利于教学质量的改进。

Application of "4C" teaching method combined with two-way evaluation method in nursing teaching of gastrointestinal surgery

Objective To explore the application effect of "connections, concepts, concrete practice and conclusions (4C)" teaching method combined with two-way evaluation method in nursing teaching of gastrointestinal surgery, so as to provide reference for personnel training and quality control of practice.Methods A historical controlled study was conducted to prospectively include the nursing interns received by the Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the hospital from May 2020 to May 2022 as the subjects of this study. The interns were divided into the control group (64 interns from May 2020 to May 2021) and the research group (93 interns from June 2021 to May 2022) according to the order of admission of nursing interns. The control group was taught by traditional nursing teaching method, while the research group was taught by "4C" teaching method combined with two-way evaluation method. The scores of theoretical knowledge and operation of nursing students in the two groups were compared after 6 weeks of practice. The self-directed learning ability of nursing students in the two groups was compared before and after 6 weeks of practice Chinese version of self-rating scale of self-directed learning (SRSSDL)]. The evaluation of teaching quality between two groups of nursing students were compared. SPSS 25.0 was used for t-test and Chi-square test.Results One person in the control group voluntarily quit the internship, and two in the observation group voluntarily quit the internship. Finally, 63 people in the control group and 91 people in the research group entered the study. There was no statistical significant difference between the two groups in baseline data (P>0.05). At 6 weeks of practice, the scores of theoretical knowledge (87.96±4.62) and operation (92.60±4.25) in the study group were higher than those in the control group (86.02±4.53) and (88.27±4.31)] (P<0.05). At 6 weeks of practice, the total scores of learning awareness, learning behavior, learning strategies, learning evaluation, interpersonal skills and self-directed learning ability of the two groups were higher than those before practice, and the study group was higher than the control group (P<0.05). After 2 weeks, 4 weeks and 6 weeks of practice, the scores of the two groups of nursing students in evaluating the teaching quality of the teachers increased gradually compared with that of the first week of practice (P<0.05).Conclusion The "4C" teaching method combined with the two-way evaluation method in the nursing teaching of gastrointestinal surgery can improve the nursing students'' theoretical knowledge, practical operation ability and self-directed learning ability, and is conducive to the improvement of teaching quality.