儿科住院医师规范化培训学员职业倦怠现状及对策分析

目的 调查了解儿科住院医师规范化培训学员（以下简称“儿科住培医师”）职业倦怠现状,分析存在的问题,并提出对策建议。方法 本研究通过调查问卷的方式,对浙江大学医学院附属儿童医院的儿科住培医师进行问卷调查。调查问卷由一般信息调查、Maslach工作倦怠调查两部分组成。数据统计使用SPSS 26.0进行处理。对分类变量采用卡方检验。连续型变量进行组间比较,若变量服从正态分布,两组间比较采用t检验,对多组间比较,如果方差齐则采用方差分析,若不齐采用Kruskal-Wallis H检验;若变量不服从正态分布,多组间比较采用Kruskal-Wallis H检验。多因素分析采用多元线性回归分析方法。结果 138名儿科住培医师中职业倦怠检出率为65.2%（90/138）,其中轻度倦怠、中度倦怠、重度倦怠分别有45名（32.6%）、29名（21.0%）、16名（11.6%）。单因素分析中,不同住培年限的儿科住培医师职业倦怠轻、中、重度差异有统计学意义（H=7.22,P=0.027）;一年级儿科住培医师的低成就感得分（27.90±8.48）高于二年级儿科住培医师（23.54±6.79）,两组比较差异有统计学意义（t=-2.25,P=0.025）。多元线性回归分析显示回归模型差异无统计学意义。结论 儿科住培医师的工作倦怠水平高,应重视其职业倦怠问题,并从社会、组织及个人3个层面采取措施加以应对。

Analysis on the current situation and countermeasures of job burnout among the trainees in the standardized residency training of pediatrics

Objective To investigate the current status of job burnout among trainees in the standardized residency training of pediatrics (short for "pediatric residents") in the hope of identifying the problems involved, and proposing corresponding countermeasures and suggestions based on these current situations and problems.Methods This study conducted a questionnaire survey among the pediatric residents who received the standardized residency training in The Children''s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine. The questionnaire consisted of two parts: general information survey and Maslach job burnout survey. The generated data were analyzed using IBM SPSS 26.0. Chi-square test was used to determine the equilibrium of the groupings for the basic situation of the data. If the normal distribution of the data in two groups was satisfactory, the t-test was used for inter-group comparison; otherwise, the Kruskal-Wallis H test was employed. For more than two groups, if the data met the normal distribution and the variance was homogeneous, one-way analysis of variance was used for inter-group comparison; otherwise, the Kruskal-Wallis H test was used. Multiple linear regression analysis was used for multivariate analysis.Results A total of 138 pediatric residents participated in this survey. The detection rate of job burnout was 65.2% (90/138), of which 45 (32.6%), 29 (21.0%) and 16 (11.6%) were mild, moderate and severe, respectively. In univariate analysis, there was a statistically significant difference in job burnout among pediatric residents in different grades (H=7.22, P=0.027), and the low achievement score (27.90±8.48) of the first-year pediatric residents was higher than that of the second-year pediatric residents (23.54±6.79), and the difference was statistically significant (t=-2.25, P=0.025). Multiple linear regression analysis regression model showed no statistically significant difference.Conclusion The level of job burnout among pediatric residents is high, and relevant departments should pay attention to the problem of job burnout of the pediatric residents, and take various measures to prevent the occurrence of job burnout.