肿瘤住院患者出院准备度现状及影响因素分析

目的：探讨肿瘤住院患者出院准备度现状及影响因素，为制定肿瘤住院患者出院指导计划提供依据。方法：采用一般资料调查表、出院准备度量表、出院指导质量量表对2020年6月至9月住院的274例初次手术、首次化疗和放疗的肿瘤住院患者进行调查。结果：肿瘤住院患者出院准备度总分为95.00(81.00,107.25)分，各维度得分由高到低依次为预期性支持、应对能力、个人状态；出院指导质量总分为208.50(180.50,226.00)分，各维度得分由高到低依次为护士健康指导技巧、患者须获得知识、患者实际获得知识；Spearman相关性分析显示出院准备度总分与出院指导质量总分呈正相关（r=0.436,P<0.01）；多元线性回归分析显示，疾病病种、家庭人均月收入、对疾病了解程度、治疗情况、住院次数、出院原因、出院指导质量是影响肿瘤住院患者出院准备度的主要因素。结论：肿瘤住院患者出院准备度有待提高，医护人员应借鉴国内外相关研究优势和相关理论，针对影响患者出现准备度的因素制定出满足患者需求的干预措施，确保患者获得高质量的出院指导，提高其生存质量。

Analysis of the status and influencing factors of discharge readiness among inpatients with cancer

Objective: To explore the status and influencing factors of discharge readiness among inpatients with cancer, and provide basis for formulating the discharge guidance plan for inpatients with cancer. Methods: A total of 274 inpatients hospitalized for primary surgery, chemotherapy or radiotherapy from June to September 2020 were investigated with general data questionnaire, readiness for hospital discharge scale, quality of discharge teaching scale. Results: The total score of discharge readiness was 95.00(81.00, 107.25), and the scores of each dimension from high to low were as follows: anticipatory support, coping ability and personal status. The total score of discharge teaching quality was 208.50 (180.50, 226.00), and the scores of each dimension from high to low were as follows: health guidance skills of nurses, knowledge that the patient must acquire and the knowledge that the patient actually acquires. Spearman correlation analysis showed that the total score of discharge readiness was positively correlated with the total score of discharge teaching quality (r=0. 436, P<0.01). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that disease type, family income per month, understanding of disease, treatment, admission times, discharge reasons and quality of discharge teaching were the main factors affecting discharge readiness of inpatients with cancer. Conclusion: The discharge readiness of inpatients with cancer needs to be improved. Medical staffs should draw on the advantages of relevant researches and theories and formulate intervention measures to meet the needs of patients, so as to ensure that patients could receive high-quality discharge guidance, then, improve their quality of life.