876例新生儿窒息原因分析及治疗体会

【目的】探讨新生儿窒息的原因及治疗方法。【方法】选择近10年新生儿窒息患儿876例，按时间顺序分为A、B两组，A组（2000－2004年）479例，其中轻度359例，重度120例；B组（2005～2009年）397例，其中轻度301例，重度96例；分析两组窒息原因并比较两组复苏的成功率及病死率。【结果】新生儿窒息与胎位及产程异常、胎膜早破、羊水异常、合并内科疾病、胎儿窘迫、脐带异常及剖宫产等因素密切相关；A组、B组轻度窒息患儿复苏成功率均为100％；B组重度窒息患儿复苏成功率显著高于A组重度窒息患儿（P〈0．01），其病死率显著低于A组重度窒息患儿（P〈0．01）。【结论】了解新生儿窒息的原因，做好围产期保健，正确处理产程，提高新生儿窒息复苏水平是降低新生儿窒息的重要方法。

Analysis of 876 Cases of Neonatal Asphyxia and Its Treatment

Objective] To explore the causes and treatment of neonatal asphyxia. Methods]Totally 876 cases of neonatal asphyxia in recent 10 years were selected. According to a time sequence, all patients were divided into group A and group B. Group A（ n =479, 2000-2004 years） included 359 mild cases and 120 severe cases. Group B（ n = 397, 2005-2009 years） included 301 mild cases and 96 severe cases. The causes of neo- natal asphyxia in two groups were analyzed. The success rate of resuscitation and mortality were compared between two groups. Results] Neonatal asphyxia was closely related to fetal position, abnormal labor, premature rupture of membranes, amniotic fluid abnormalities, combined medical disease, fetal distress, umbilical cord abnormalities, cesarean section and other factors. The success rate of resuscitation of mild asphyxia patients in both group A and group B was 100 %. The success rate of resuscitation of severe asphyxia patients in group B was obviously higher than that in group A（ P 〈0.01）, （u=3. 916）. The mortality of severe asphyxia. patients in group Bwas significantly lower than that in group A（ P 〈0.01）. Conclusion] The understanding of the causes of neonatal asphyxia, good perinatal care, correct management during the labor and the improvement of neonatal resuscitation is an important method to reduce neonatal asphyxia.