宁波市成年人群的慢性肾脏病流行病学调查

目的了解宁波市成人慢性肾脏病(CKD)患病率及相关危险因素。方法采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样法随机抽取宁波市18岁以上常住居民2 296人,进行CKD及相关危险因素的问卷调查、体格检查及实验室检查。经人口年龄、性别校正后计算CKD患病率,分别采用t检验及χ2检验进行计量及计数数据比较,采用logistic回归分析CKD相关危险因素。结果本次调查有效样本2 110例,经人口年龄、性别校正后,CKD总患病率9.81%,主要集中在CKD早期(82.87%),知晓率11.11%。CKD患病与年龄呈正相关(r=0.254,P=0.000);且女性的CKD患病率显著高于男性(χ2=22.618,P=0.000)。多因素logistic回归结果显示,年龄、女性、糖尿病、高尿酸血症和高血压是CKD的独立危险因素。高脂血症与体质指数与CKD的发生无关。结论宁波市成人CKD总患病率9.81%,知晓率11.11%。年龄、女性、糖尿病、高尿酸血症和高血压是CKD的独立危险因素。

Epidemiological survey of chronic kidney disease among adults in Ningbo

Objective To understand the prevalence of chronic kidney disease（CKD）among adults in Ningbo,and to analyze the related risk factors.Methods A total of 2 296residents（≥18years）in Ningbo city were randomly selected using a stratified,multi-stage sampling method.All participants were interviewed to complete the questionnaire and also received physical examination as well as urine and blood test to assess renal damage.The gender-and-age adjusted prevalence of CKD was calculated.Chi-square test and t test were used for statistical analysis and risk factors associated with CKD was analyzed by logistic regression analysis.Results Out of 2 110eligible subjects,the overall gender-and-age adjusted prevalence of CKD was 9.81%.Majority of patients（82.87%）were still in early stage.The awareness rate of CKD was 11.11%.The prevalence of CKD increased with age（r=0.254,P=0.000）,and was higher among female participants（χ2= 22.618,P=0.000）.Logistic regression analysis showed that age,female,diabetes mellitus,hyperuricaemia and hypertension were independent risk factors associated with CKD.Conclusions The prevalence of CKD is still high among adults in Ningbo and low awareness rate may partially contribute to it.Age,gender,diabetes mellitus,hyperuricaemia and hypertension are found to be independent risk factors of CKD.