2711例社区居民脑血管狭窄的流行病学调查

目的研究北京周边地区人群脑动脉狭窄的分布特征、患病率及相关危险因素。方法对北京市周边地区的2个村子及社区40岁以上居民进行整群抽样调查,调查项目:病史问卷、体格检查、血糖(空腹)及经颅多普勒超声(TCD)判断血管情况。按年龄分为青年组(40-44岁)、中年组(45-59岁)及老年组(≥60岁)。结果2 711例完成调查,其中男性922例,女性1 789例,检出有脑动脉狭窄者161例(5.9%)。其中单纯颅内动脉狭窄101例(3.7%),单纯颅外动脉狭窄41例(1.5%),颅内外动脉均狭窄19例(0.7%)。随年龄增长,各组颅外动脉狭窄比例逐渐增高,而颅内动脉狭窄的比例却逐渐下降。结论研究人群中脑动脉狭窄的发生率为5.9%。脑血管狭窄的分布因年龄不同。年龄、收缩压异常及血糖异常为颅内外动脉狭窄的独立危险因素。

Prevalence of cerebral arterial stenosis in 2 711 rural community people aged over 40 years in Beijing

Objective To investigate the prevalence and major risk factors of cerebral arterial stenosis in the rural area of Beijing.Methods All the participants came from two villages and two communities in the rural area of Beijing.They were divided into three groups,the young aged group(40-44),middle aged group(45-59) and old aged group(≥60).Questionnaire of medical history,physical examination,serum sugar determination,and TCD was undertaken.Results Of all the 2 711 participants,922 were males and 1 789 were females.The mean age of the participants was 55.4±9.7 years and ranged 40-84 years.Arterial stenosis was detected with TCD examination in 161 participants(5.9%),of whom 101(3.7%) had intracranial arterial stenosis only,41(1.5%) had extracranial arterial stenosis only and 19(0.7%) had both intracranial and extracranial arterial stenosis.Conclusion The arterial stenosis rate increased with increasing age.There was significant difference in distribution of stenotic arteries between the young and old groups.In old age group,high SBP and high BG were the most important risk factors of cerebral arterial stenosis.