The relationship between growth of the aerial part and alkaloid content variation in cultivated <Emphasis Type="Italic">Aconitum carmichaeli</Emphasis> Debeaux |
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Authors: | Ryoichi Kawasaki Wakako Motoya Toshiyuki Atsumi Chika Mouri Nobuko Kakiuchi Masayuki Mikage |
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Institution: | (1) Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan;(2) School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Showa University, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan;(3) School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University of Health and Welfare, 1714-1 Yoshino-machi, Nobeoka Miyazaki, 882-8508, Japan; |
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Abstract: | Processed root of aconite, Aconitum carmichaeli Debeaux—known as bushi in Japan—is indispensable for treating diseases among elderly persons in Japanese and Chinese traditional
medicine. Its active component is bushi diester alkaloid (BDA), which consists of aconitine (ACO), mesaconitine (MES), hypaconitine
(HYP), and jesaconitine (JES). Since an overdose of BDA results in severe side effects, the BDA content should be within safe
limits. However, the BDA content of raw aconite root, even that produced by standard cultivation procedures, varies greatly.
In this study, to clarify the cause of BDA variation, we examined the weight and BDA content of each part of cultivated A. carmichaeli: the aerial part, the mother tuberous root (MT), the daughter tuberous root (DT), and the rootlet (RL). We found the following
positive relationships: between aerial part weight and DT weight, aerial part weight and BDA content in stem of apex, and
BDA content in stem of apex and total BDA of DT attached to the plant. Furthermore, DT belonging to a higher weight group
showed less BDA content variation. In addition, BDA of DT and those of MT and RL differ in both content and composition. In
conclusion, it was suggested that the weight or the size of the aerial part was a good marker for monitoring BDA content and
its variation in the tuberous root, and it was found to be desirable to prevent mixing MT and RL at harvest. |
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