抗结核药物所致不良反应发生情况及相关危险因素分析

目的观察抗结核药物所致的不良反应发生情况并分析与其发生相关的危险因素。方法以2005—2010年该市使用标准化疗方案的确诊肺结核患者1 368例为研究对象,对治疗相关不良反应及其危险因素进行统计分析。结果抗结核药所致的不良反应发生率为12.97%,主要的不良反应事件为肝功能损害及胃肠道反应;单因素统计结果发现年龄、BMI、月收入、诊断分型及肝炎病史为抗结核治疗相关可疑危险因素,多因素统计分析发现年龄≥60岁（OR=3.27,95%CI=2.073～5.439,P=0.002）、BMI〈18.5（OR=1.377,95%CI=1.021～3.548,P=0.037）及肝病史（OR=1.82,95%CI=1.003～6.248,P=0.046）为治疗相关危险因素。结论抗结核药所致不良反应发生率较高,当患者存在高龄、营养状态差及肝炎病史可一定程度增加不良反应发生率。

Risk factors of adverse reactions caused by anti-TB drugs

Objective To study the characteristics of the adverse reactions caused by anti-TB drugs and to analyze its risk factors.Methods 1 368 cases of patients diagnosed as tuberculosis who received standard treatment options were selected from 2005 to,2010 in Yangzhong city.The adverse reactions and its risk factors were analyzed statistcally.Results 12.97% of these patients had adverse reaction.The main adverse reactions were liver dysfunction and gastrointestinal reactions.Univariate analysis showed that age,BMI,monthly income,diagnostic classification and history of hepatitis were the suspected risk factors.Multivariate analysis results showed that age≥60（OR=3.27,95%CI=2.073~5.439,P=0.002）,BMI18.5（OR=1.377,95%CI=1.021~3.548,P=0.037） and with history of hepatitis（OR=1.82,95%CI=1.003~6.248,P=0.046）） were the risk factors of adverse reactions.Conclusions The adverse reactions caused by anti-TB drugs are relatively high and if the patient was in advanced age or with poor nutritional status or with history of hepatitis the probability of adverse reactions will increase.