痰中结核杆菌检查方法的比较

目的分析比较痰涂片、痰培养及FQ-PCR检查结核杆菌对肺结核的诊断价值。方法痰直接涂片和浓集涂片找抗酸杆菌；痰结核杆菌培养；FQ-PCR检测痰中TB-DNA。结果浓集法较直接法阳性率有大幅提高，培养阳性率较低，FQ-PCR法敏感度最高，三种方法检测结果具有很好的相关性。结论涂片检查结核杆菌应提倡浓集法，FQ-PCR法检测TB-DNA可列入TB实验诊断的常规项目，涂片、培养及FQ-PCR同时对结核杆菌进行检测可从不同方面满足临床的需要。

Comparison of Methods on Detecting TB in the Sputum

Objective To compare the diagnostic value of smearing, culturing and FQ-PCR on detecting TB for pulmonary tuberculosis.Methods TB was detected by smearing directly the concentrated sputum and by sputum culturing.TB-DNA in the sputum was detected by FQ-PCR.Results The positive rate of smearing the concentrated sputum was obviously higher than that of smearing directly.The positive rate of culturing methods was relatively low.The sensitivity of FQ-PCR was the highest.The result of detection by all three methods were highly interrelated.Conclusion Smearing concentrated sputum would be preferable instead of detecting TB directly in the sputum.Detecting TB-DNA by FQ-PCR might be adopted as a routine laboratory item for diagnosing pulmonary tuberculosis.It will meet clinical needs from different aspects to adopt smearing, culturing and FQ-PCR to detect TB.