医学院校毕业生就业焦虑的调查研究

目的探讨医学院校毕业生就业焦虑的现状及其影响因素,为预防和干预医学院校毕业生就业焦虑提供理论依据。方法采用自编学生基本情况调查表、焦虑自评量表(self-rating anxiety scale,SAS)作为测评工具,对497名医学院校毕业生进行焦虑情绪测定,并分析性别、专业、学校类别等因素对毕业生焦虑状况的影响。结果医学院校毕业生就业前焦虑的总体检出率为27.77%(138/497),其中轻度焦虑为17.71%(88/497),中度焦虑为8.65%(43/497),重度焦虑为1.41%(7/497);不同性别的医学院校毕业生就业焦虑水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);不同学校类别、专业和家庭背景的医学院校毕业生就业焦虑影响差异有统计学意义(P=0.000),高职、高专院校学毕业生的就业焦虑程度高于本科院校毕业生,临床医学和护理专业学生焦虑程度高于医技和其他专业,来自农村的医学院校毕业生就业焦虑水平高于城市家庭背景较好者,差别均具有统计学意义。结论学校、专业及家庭背景对医学院校毕业生就业焦虑影响程度差异性有统计学意义,应针对性地对毕业生开展就业前心理卫生健康和就业指导教育等工作。

Employment anxiety of medical college graduates

Objective This study aimed to provide the theoretical basis for preventing and intervening the employment anxiety of medical college graduates through investigating the employment anxiety and the influencing factors. Methods Basic self-investigating questionnaire, self-rating anxiety scale(SAS) as the measurements were used to test the anxiety of 497 medical college graduates and analyze the factors like their majors, college categories, and total income etc. Results The total ratio for the employment anxiety of medical college graduates was 27.77% which included 17.71% of mild anxiety, 8.65% of moderate anxiety, and 1.41% of severe anxiety. The employment anxiety of the medical college graduates with different genders showed no significant differences; however, the employment anxiety of the medical college graduates with different majors, different colleges or different places where students come from showed significant differences. The graduates who took vocational institutions have greater employment anxiety than those who took general colleges. Clinical graduates' employment anxiety was the most serious. The students whose family had lower total income had greater employment anxiety than those who had higher general total income in their family. Conclusion These findings present that the colleges and the professional and the families should conduct pre-employment and employment guidance in mental health education to medical college graduates.