磁共振扩散成像技术在轻度认知障碍的研究进展

轻度认知障碍(mild cognitive impairment,MCI)被认为是正常老龄化和阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer'disease,AD)以及其他类型痴呆的中间状态。给予MCI患者积极的干预治疗,有助于改善认知功能并减缓MCI向AD的转变。因此,寻找MCI诊断和进展监测的敏感影像标记物是非常必要的。磁共振扩散成像技术能够通过描述脑组织中水分子的扩散运动来检测微观结构的变化,可以为MCI的病理机制研究和认知障碍严重程度的评估提供重要的信息。近年来,新型磁共振扩散成像技术的不断发展为MCI的研究提供了额外的价值。作者对扩散张量成像(diffusion tensor imaging,DTI)、扩散峰度成像(diffusion kurtosis imaging,DKI)、自由水扩散磁共振成像(free-water diffusion magnetic resonance imaging,FW diffusion MRI)、神经突方向离散度和密度成像(neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging,NODDI)技术在MCI中的研究进行综述。

Research progress of diffusion magnetic resonance imaging in mild cognitive impairment

Mild cognitive impairment(MCI)is considered to be an intermediate state of normal aging and Alzheimer's disease(AD)and other types of dementia.Active intervention during the MCI stage can help improve cognitive function and slow down the progression of AD.Therefore,it is very necessary to find sensitive imaging markers for MCI diagnosis and progress monitoring.Diffusion magnetic resonance imaging technology can noninvasively detect changes in the microstructure of brain tissue by describing the diffusion movement of water molecules in the brain tissue,providing important information for the study of the pathological mechanism of MCI and the evaluation of the severity of cognitive impairment.In recent years,the continuous development of new technologies has provided additional value for MCI research.This article reviews the research of diffusion tensor imaging(DTI),diffusion kurtosis imaging(DKI),free water diffusion magnetic resonance imaging(FW diffusion MRI),neurite direction dispersion and density imaging technology(NODDI)in MCI.