阴道分娩初产妇对产后盆底功能障碍认知现状及其影响因素分析

目的探讨阴道分娩初产妇对产后盆底功能障碍(PFD)认知现状及其影响因素。方法选取我院妇产科2017年1月至2019年1月100例阴道分娩初产妇为研究对象,采用我院自制的《初产妇对产后盆底功能障碍认知和护理需求调查问卷》于产后2个月内对初产妇进行调查;采用多因素logistic回归分析确定阴道分娩初产妇发生产后盆底功能障碍认知的影响因素。结果阴道分娩初产妇对产后PFD认知度不够高。多因素logistic回归分析显示月收入、产后是否有专人指导、产后康复训练频率和产后心理状况是对盆底功能恢复的保护因素;会阴损伤和便秘史是对盆底功能恢复的危险因素;年龄是产后PFD的重要影响因素。结论阴道分娩初产妇对产后PFD认知水平不够高,除医护人员宣教外,需加强网络、社区和其他宣教,针对发生产后PFD的重要影响因素,采取合理预防和康复措施,提高产妇产后生活质量。

Analysis on the cognition status and influence factors of postpartum pelvic floor dysfunction in primiparas undergoing vaginal delivery

Objective To investigate the cognition status and influence factors of postpartum pelvic floor dysfunction( PFD) in primiparas undergoing vaginal delivery. Methods To select 100 cases of primiparas undergoing vaginal delivery who were admitted in our hospital from January 2017 to January2019 the research objects. The self-made " Questionnaire on the Cognition and Nursing Needs of Postpartum Pelvic Floor Dysfunction by the primiparas" was used to survey to the primiparas within postnatal 2 months. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the influencing factors of pelvic floor dysfunction in primiparas undergoing vaginal delivery. Results The awareness of postpartum PFD in primiparas undergoing vaginal delivery was not high enough. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the monthly income,whether there was postpartum guidance by specially-assigned person,frequency of postpartum rehabilitation training,and postnatal psychological status were the protective factors for pelvic floor function recovery. The perineal injury and history of constipation were risk factors for pelvic floor function recovery. The age was an important influential factor for postpartum PFD.Conclusion The primiparas undergoing vaginal delivery had insufficient awareness of postpartum PFD. In addition to medical staff’s education,the network,community and other education should be strengthened,and reasonable preventive and rehabilitation measures should be taken to improve the postpartum quality of life of primiparas in view of important factors affecting PFD.