急性心肌梗塞患者与正常人个性特征生活事件和负性情绪对照研究

目的探讨个性特征、生活事件、负性情绪等因素对急性心肌梗塞的影响。方法对91例急性心肌梗患者和90例健康体检者采用艾森克个性问卷、生活事件量表、社会支持评定量表、汉密顿焦虑量表、汉密顿抑郁量表进行测评分析。结果79.12%急性心肌梗患者发作前有明显心理刺激因素。艾森克个性问卷评分研究组E、N维度分均显著高于对照组（P均〈0.01）;生活事件量表评分研究组精神紧张总分、负性生活事件、家庭事件、工作事件、社交事件因子分均显著高于对照组（P均〈0.01）;社会支持评定量表评分研究组总分及客观支持、主观支持、对支持利用度因子分均显著低于对照组（P均〈0.01）;研究组汉密顿焦虑量表、汉密顿抑郁量表总分及各因子分均显著高于对照组（P均〈0.01）,焦虑情绪发生率为60%,抑郁情绪发生率为57.14%,对照组分别为20.0%、21.11%;研究组焦虑、抑郁情绪发生率均显著高于对照组（P均〈0.05）。结论有缺陷的个性特征、负性事件,缺乏亲人和社会支持,负性情绪等因素均是诱发急性心肌梗的危险因素。

A control study of personality characteristics,life events,negative emotion between patients with acute myocardial infarction and health adults

Objective To explore the effects of personality characteristics,life events,negative emotion on acute myocardial infarct(AMI).Methods Measurements were conducted with the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire(EPQ),Life Event Scale(LES),Social Support Rating Scale(SSRS),Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA)and Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD)91 AMI patients and 90 health adults.Results 79.12% of AMI patients had obvious psychological stress before episode.Scores of E and N dimension of the EPQ were significantly higher in the research than in the control group(both P<0.01);according to the LES,mental stress total score,negative life,family,work and social event scores were all significantly higher in the research than in the control group(all P<0.01);according to the SSRS,total score and scores of objective and subjective support and support availability were significantly lower in the research than in the control group(all P<0.01);total and each factor scores of both the HAMD and HAMA were significantly higher in the research than in the control group(all P<0.01),incidences of anxious and depressive emotion were 60% and 57.14% in the research and 20.0% and 21.11% in the control group,which showed significant differences(both P<0.05).Conclusion Risk factors inducing the AMI are defective personality characteristics,negative events,default of family members' and social supports and negative emotion.