Noise stress does not modulate effects of smoking/nicotine on β-endorphin, cortisol, ACTH, glucose, and mood |
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Authors: | D. G. Gilbert Charles J. Meliska Louisette C. Plath |
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Affiliation: | (1) Department of Psychology, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA, US |
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Abstract: | Noise-dependent effects of smoking multiple cigarettes on subjective state and blood concentrations of ACTH, β-endorphin, cortisol, and glucose were assessed in a repeated measures design where noise level (high versus minimal) was crossed with nicotine dose (quasi-ad lib own brand versus 1.0 mg FTC nicotine machine-delivered dose versus 0.05 mg FTC nicotine machine-delivered dose). Cortisol and ACTH were increased by nicotine, but not by noise and there was no noise by dose interaction. In contrast, nicotine did not increase β-endorphin in either noise condition and there was no dose by noise interaction for β-endorphin. However, noise was associated with a modest increase in β-endorphin. The effects of nicotine on blood glucose varied as a function of the number of cigarettes smoked. However, the effects of nicotine on glucose, hormones, and subjective state did not vary as a function of noise stress. Received: 9 October 1995 / Final version: 28 October 1996 |
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Keywords: | ACTH β -Endorphin Cortisol Glucose Mood Nicotine Stress Smoking |
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