慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者希望水平及影响因素

目的探讨慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）患者的希望水平及其影响因素。方法应用Herth希望量表（HHI）随机对76例慢性阻塞性肺疾病急性加重期（AECOPD）患者进行希望水平及其影响因素的调查。结果本组患者希望水平评分为21—45分，均分（34．92±4．89）分，97．37％的AECOPD患者希望水平得分处于中高等水平。其影响因素的单因素分析显示家庭关系、月收入、年平均住院次数、病程、日常生活能力（ADL）及病情严重程度对患者希望水平有明显影响（P〈0．05）。不同呼吸训练的AECOPD患者HHI评分不同，从未训练和很少训练组为（34．29±5．12）分，经常训练组（37．08±1．00）分，每天训练组（41．50±3．54）分，差异有统计学意义（F=3．76，P〈0．05）；平均每日不同吸氧时间的患者HHI评分比较差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。对影响因素进行多因素多重线性回归分析显示，只有ADL和月收入进入回归方程，提示月收入越多，日常生活自理能力越强，其希望水平越高；对吸氧患者进行多因素分析显示ADL、吸氧时间、月收入和严重程度对患者希望水平有影响（P〈0．01）。结论护理COPD患者时，应注重提高患者的希望水平，尽早干预影响患者希望水平的因素，不断提高患者的生活质量。

Investigation of the hope level and its influencing factors in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Objective To investigate the hope level and its influencing factors in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)patients.Methods Questionnaires were randomly applied to investigate the hope level and its influencing factors of 76 patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with acute exacerbation (AECOPD).Results The hope level scores were in the range of 21-45 interval,and the mean score was (34.92 ±4.89).97.37％ of AECOPD patients were in mid-high level.Univariate analyses showed that family relationship,monthly salary,activities of daily living(ADL),disease severity were influential factors(P＜0.05).HHI of AECOPD with different respiratory training was different(F =3.76,P ＜ 0.05),and the score of those never exercise was(34.29 ±5.12),(37.08 ± 1.00)in those exercise more often,and(41.50 ±3.54)of those exercise every day.HHI of patients with different oxygen-intake time was different(P ＜ 0.01).Multivariate multiple linear regression analysis showed that monthly salary and ADL were influential factors,and the more salary,and the more hope-level.ADL,oxygenintake time month salary,and disease severity were related to hope-level of patients by multivariate analyses in oxygenintake patients(P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions For nursing care of the COPD patients,attention should be paid on improving the hope level,interfering in the correlated influencing factor as soon as possible so as to continuously improve the quality of life.