沙尘暴PM_(2.5)对大鼠肺、心、肝组织的氧化损伤效应

目的探讨沙尘暴细颗粒物(PM2.5)对大鼠肺、心、肝组织的氧化损伤作用。方法采用气管直接注入染毒法,灌注24h后处死大鼠,测定肺、心、肝组织超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量及脂质过氧化作用(LPO)水平。结果(1)沙尘暴和正常天气PM2.5均可引起肺、肝脏SOD酶活性的降低,而心脏SOD酶活性无显著性变化。(2)沙尘暴和正常天气PM2.5均可引起肺脏GSH含量降低,使肝脏中GSH含量呈现先升高后降低的非线性变化特征,而心脏GSH含量无显著性变化。(3)沙尘暴和正常天气PM2.5均可引起肺、心、肝脏的LPO水平升高。(4)正常天气PM2.5比沙尘暴PM2.5对各测量指标的影响较大,但统计学上均无显著性差异,但由于沙尘暴PM2.5浓度远高于正常天气PM2.5,所以沙尘暴PM2.5产生的效应较大。结论沙尘暴和正常天气PM2.5对大鼠肺、心、肝组织均有不同程度的氧化损伤作用,沙尘暴PM2.5的急剧增高使其毒性作用更为严重。

Effects of dust storm fine particles instillation on oxidative damage in hearts,livers,lungs of rats

Objective In this study,the effects of dust storm PM_(2.5) on oxidative damage in three organs of rats were investigated.Methods After Wistar rats were intratracheally instilled 24h,the activities of SOD,the levels of GSH and LPO in lungs,hearts and livers of rats were measured.Results (1) Dust storm and normal weather PM_(2.5) instillation caused decrease of SOD activities in livers and lungs,but SOD activities in hearts were statistically insignificant.(2) Dust storm and normal weather PM_(2.5) instillation caused decrease of contents of GSH in lungs,whereas PM_(2.5) instillation at low concentration caused an increase and at higher PM_(2.5) instillation caused a significant decrease in livers. And contents of GSH in hearts were statistically insignificant.(3) Dust storm and normal weather PM_(2.5) instillation caused decrease of levels of LPO in lungs, hearts and livers.(4) Though the effects made by normal weather PM_(2.5) heavier than dust storm PM_(2.5) on each examined index,no significant difference was found.However,the dust storm PM_(2.5) whose airborne concentrations were much higher than that of normal weather PM_(2.5),so the dust storm PM_(2.5) should be more harmful.Conclusion Dust storm and normal weather PM_(2.5) instillation could lead to oxidative damage of different degrees in lungs,hearts and livers of rats.However,the dust storm PM_(2.5) whose airborne concentrations were much higher should be more harmful.