碘缺乏与碘过多大鼠甲状腺定量形态学研究

目的　研究碘缺乏与碘过多对大鼠甲状腺形态结构的影响。方法　将 Wistar大鼠随机分为 3组 ,适碘组 (NI)、高碘组 (HI)、低碘组 (L I) ,观察喂养 12周、2 4周大鼠甲状腺形态结构的变化 ,应用 MIAS- 2 0 0 0型图像分析系统 ,对甲状腺滤泡及滤泡腔进行形态定量测定 ,获得 5项体视学参数 (平均体积 V、平均表面积 S、比表面积 S/ V、数密度 Nv及球形因子 SF)和 1项截面积的定量参数。结果　低碘组大鼠甲状腺滤泡及滤泡腔的 V、S及 SF均明显小于适碘组 ,而 S/ V和 Nv明显大于适碘组 ,上皮细胞体积明显增大 ;高碘组滤泡在实验过程中无明显改变 ,而滤泡腔 V、S在实验的 2 4周时均明显小于适碘组 ,上皮细胞体积增大。结论　碘缺乏导致大鼠甲状腺小滤泡增生性甲肿改变 ,而碘过多在实验中未形成甲肿 ,并随碘过多时间的延长 ,滤泡腔变小 ,上皮细胞增生。

A quantitative morphological study on thyroid gland in rats of iodine deficiency and excess

Objective The experiment was designed to dtudy the affect of iodine deficiency and excess on thyroid morphology.Methods The rats were divided into three groups randomly,normal iodine group (NI,as a control),low iodine group (LI) and high iodine group (HI).Morphological observations and stereological analysis were performed by using routine histology method and MIAS 20000 image analysis system.A certain number of thyroid follicle,follicular cavities and epithelial cell were measured for the stereology parameters including mean volume (V),mean surface (S),specific suface (S/V),numerical density (Nv),and spherical factor(SF).Results The results showed that V,S,SF in LI group were lower and Nv,S/V,volume of epithelial cells higher significantly than that in NI group.However,all parameters of follicle in HI group were no difference compared with NI group,but at 24 w the V and SQ of follicular cavities were lower and the volume of epithelial higher markedly than those in control group.Conclusions Iodine deficiency caused typical small follicular goiter,and iodine excess didn't induce goiter in Wistar rats during our experiment.The follicular cavities became decreased,epithelial cells proliferated with high iodine prolonging.