青海省2001～2005年麻疹流行病学特征分析及控制策略探讨

目的分析青海省2001~2005年麻疹流行病学特征,提出控制麻疹策略及措施。方法采用描述流行病学方法,运用SPSS 10.0软件进行分析。结果青海省2001~2005年共报告麻疹1 815例,年平均发病率为7.33/10万。8月龄~14岁病例数占65.18%;病例中有麻疹疫苗(MV)免疫史的占21.10%,无免疫史的占25.57%,免疫史不详的占53.33%;发病高峰在3~6月。青南地区发病率高于环湖地区,环湖地区高于西宁和海东地区。结论免疫空白和免疫失败人群的积累是麻疹发病的主要原因。高免疫覆盖率和高质量的监测是控制麻疹的关键策略。

Analysis and Control Strategies on Epidemiological Characteristics of Qinghai Province From 2001-2005

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of measles in Qinghai Province from 2001 to 2005 and to develop a series of strategies for measles control.Methods The data of epidemiological investigation and surveillance reports of infectious disease were analyzed by using SPSS10.0 software.Results Among total of 1815 measles cases,the seasonal peak appeared from March to June.21.10% had measles vaccine immunization history,25.56% were non-vaccinated and 53.33% were uncertain.The incidence in the district of the South Qinghai is higher than in the district where are along the Qinghai-lake and higher than in the district of Haidong and Xining City.Conclusion The main factors leading to measles outbreaks were zero immunization,and failure of immunization.For control of measles outbreak,the effect strategies should include improving the coverage of basic immunization,reinforcing surveillance of epidemic situation and diagnose of laboratory.