婴儿腮腺内血管及面神经的解剖学研究

目的：探讨婴儿腮腺内血管及面神经的解剖特点。方法：采用血管乳胶灌注，手术显微镜下解剖的方法，观察１１例（２２侧）婴儿腮腺内血管及面神经的走行与分布。结果：面神经主干距皮肤浅，面神经分支纤细，面神经颊支与面横动脉在腮腺前缘处相邻。结论：在临床上行婴幼儿面神经解剖术时应从面神经主干开始，二腹肌后腹的乳突附丽处是寻找主干的明确标志。

The Anatomical Research on the Vessels and the Extracranial Facial Nerve in Infantile Parotid Gland

Objective:We were to explore the anatomical characteristics of vessels and facial nerve in infant parotid gland.Methods:The vessels and extracranial facial nerve in parotid gland were studied by surgical microscopy on both sides on 11 infant cadavers injected with red Latex.Results:The characterstics of the trunk of the facial nerve were short, shallow, and thin. Buccal branch of the facial nerve was adjacent to transverse facial artery in anterior portion of parotid gland.Conclusion:In seeking the facial nerve it was better to anatomize the trunk initially then the branch.Posterior belly of digastricus and its adhesion of mastoid were important marks in searching for the trunk of the facial nerve.