1996～2006年龙岩市新罗区预防接种异常反应资料分析

目的]探讨预防接种异常反应发生的规律，降低异常反应的发生率。方法]对1996～2006年龙岩市新罗区接种疫苗后发生的异常反应病例进行统计分析。结果]1996-2006年共接种1277591人次，发生异常反应39例，异常反应发生率为0．315／万。其中，男性26例，发生率为0．407／万，女性13例，发生率0．204／万。年龄16d至12岁，〈6个月24例，占61．54％；6～12月3例，占7．69％；1～2岁6例，占15．38％；7～10岁6例，占15．38％。接种百白破发生26例、白破发生4例、乙肝疫苗发生4例、麻疹疫苗发生2例，乙脑疫苗、卡介苗、脊灰疫苗各发生1例，异常反应发生率分别为1.676、0．892、0．275、0．102、0．076、0．174、0．026／万。在异常反应类型中，无菌性脓疡18例，占46．15％；过敏反应18例，占46．15％。结论]异常反应发生原因是多方面的。为减少异常反应的发生率，应从提高疫苗的质量、加强接种人员的培训等方面入手。

Analysis of Adverse Events Following Immunization in Xinluo District of Longyan City from 1996 to 2006

Objective] To explore the causes of AEFI so as to find ways to reduce the AEFI incidence.Methods]Statistical analysis was conducted for the cases who had adverse events following immunization from 1996 to 2006.Results]Altogether 1 277 591 persons were vaccinated from 1996 to 2006.There were 39 cases of AEFI in total during this period with the incidence of 0.305/10 000.Among them,the cases in male and female were 26 and 13 respectively,with the AEFI incidences of 0.407/10 000,0.204/10 000,the youngest is 16-day-old,the oldest is 10-year-old.The incidences are as follows:24 cases were at the age from 0-6 month,accounting for 61.54%.3 cases were at the age from 6-12 month,accounting for 7.69%.6 cases from 1-2 year old,accounting for 15.38%.6 cases from 7-10 year old,accounting for 15.38%.AEFI occurred in 26 cases after immunization with Diphtheria-Pertussis-Tetanus triple vaccine,4 cases after Diphtheria-Tetanus immunization,4 cases after administration with Hepatitis B Vaccine,2 cases after Measles Vaccination,1 case after immunization with Japanese B Encephalitis Vaccine,BCG vaccine,and Oral Poliovirus Vaccine respectively.The incidence of AEFI was 1.676/10 000,0.892/10 000,0.275/10 000,0.102/10 000,0.076/10 000,0.174/10 000,0.026/10000 respectively.Among the types of adverse events:There were 18 cases of sterile abscess,accounting for 46.15%;18 cases of Anaphylaxis,accounting for 46.15%.Conclusion]The causes for the adverse events are various.The quality of vaccines should be improved,training for inoculators must be strengthened,in order to reduce the incidence of the adverse events.