哈尔滨地区518例变应性鼻炎患者的临床特点和变应原谱分析

目的 通过调查门诊高反应性鼻病患者518 例,获得哈尔滨地区变应性鼻炎(allergic rhinitis,AR)患者的临床特点及变应原分布情况.方法 采集2010 年7 月至2011 年6 月门诊518 例高反应鼻病患 者的病史并做血清特异性IgE 检测和皮内试验.结果 高反应鼻病患者中79.34%(411/518) 为AR.48.18%(198/411)AR 为中-重度持续性,30.90%(127/411)为中-重度间歇性.主要发病季节为7 ～9 月份.12 岁以下儿童占7.30%,12 ～18 岁占27.01%,18 岁以上占65.69%.AR 主要伴发的疾病包括哮喘 25.55%,变异性皮炎2.68%.411 例患者变应原阳性率户尘螨、粉尘螨373 例(90.75%)、矮豚草蒿186 例 (45.26%)、霉菌138 例(33.58%)、柏榆梧桐柳三角叶杨126 例(30.66%).结论 哈尔滨地区AR 有明确 临床特点,主要变应原为尘螨、矮豚草蒿,其次是霉菌、柏榆梧桐柳三角叶杨.

The clinical characteristics of the allergic rhinitis and prevalence of sensitization to allergen in Harbin district

Objective To obtain the clinical features of the allergic rhinitis patients in Harbin through investigation of the clinical data on the patients suffered from high reactivity rhinopathy and to investigate the distribution of allergens.Methods The complete files of medical history were collected and AllergyScreen tests and IT tests were done in 518 high reactivity rhinopathy patients from July 2010 to June 2011.Results Four hundred and eleven（79.34%）AR cases were diagnosed in the 518 high reactivity rhinopathy patients.Moderate to severe persistent AR patients were found in 198 cases（48.18%）.Moderate to severe intermittent AR patients were found in 127 cases（30.90%）.Onset of AR was ranged from July to September.The complications of AR included asthma（25.55%）and dermatitis（2.67%）.Among 411 AR,the most common allergen was dust mite（90.75%）,wormwood（45.25%）,moulds（33.58%）and pollen（tree mix）（30.65%）.Conclusions AR in Harbin district has its own clinical characteristics and the major allergens were dust mites,wormwood,moulds and pollen（tree mix）.