腘窝淋巴结试验在药物超敏反应研究中的应用

免疫介导药物超敏反应(IDHR)是一种最常见、也最为复杂的药物不良反应。迄今为止,尚无可靠的动物模型可以有效预测IDHR。已有研究发现,腘窝淋巴结试验(PLNA)操作简单,省时,灵敏,特异性高,可靠性和重复性好,实验动物用量少。尽管其反应机制不清,给药途径为非常规途径,缺乏公认的评价标准,剂量水平、溶媒种类及实验周期的选择等各不一致,但PLNA是一种最有希望可成功预测IDHR的动物模型方法。本文综述了PLNA的原理、分类和应用,并分析了PLNA在成分复杂的中药超敏反应研究方面的应用前景。

Application of popliteal lymph node assay in study of drug hypersensitivity

Immune-mediated drug hypersensitivity reaction (IDHR) is one of the most common and complicated adverse drug reactions. Today there is no reliable animal model to predict this reaction. The previous studies have proved that popliteal lymph node assay (PLNA) is characterized by its simplicity, rapidity, specificity and sensitivity in drug non-clinical safety evaluation. The outcomes of PLNA were constant and repeatable between laboratories. In addition, PLNA is beneficial for reducing the usage of animals and shows good correlation with the ability of a compound to induce IDHR in human. However, the mechanism underlying the PLNA is unclear. The footpad injection is not as commonly used in human as that in animals. The optimal dose, vehicle and the duration of treatment and observation are arbitrary. Despite of all this, PLNA is a promising test in vivo to explore IDHR in human. In this review, the basis, classification and application of various PLNA were summarized. The perspective application of PLNA in screening the immunostimulating potentials of traditional Chinese materia medica which contain a number of components was also commented.