桥小脑角面神经滋养动脉的显微解剖学研究

目的观察桥小脑角区面神经根滋养动脉的来源和入根位置，为临床应用提供解剖学资料。方法采用经10％甲醛固定、蛛红明胶灌注的成人头颅标本22具，在手术显微镜下解剖观察。结果①桥小脑角面神经运动根滋养动脉主要来自脑桥小脑间隙动脉袢（31支，50．8％）和小脑下前动脉侧支（17支，27．9％），其次分别为迷路动脉（8支，13．1％）、小脑下后动脉（3支，4．92％）及基底动脉（2支，3．28％）；②面神经运动根滋养动脉主要经运动根的内1／3段（47支，77．05％）入根；③中间神经滋养动脉主要来自脑桥小脑间隙动脉袢（36支，73．47％），其次为小脑下前动脉侧支（7支，14．29％）和迷路动脉（6支，12．24％）。结论桥小脑角区面神经根滋养动脉的显微解剖，对于进一步揭示半面痉挛的病因及指导桥小脑角区的显微外科手术具有重要的临床意义。

Microanatomical study on the nutrient artery of facial nerve in cerebellopontine angle

Objective To explore the arterial origin of the facial nerve and the site of the arteries joining it in cerebellopontine angle (CPA),in order to provide anatomical data for clinical application.Methods The nutrient arteries were observed on 22 fresh adult head specimens fixed and perfused with formalin and gelatin under operation microscope. Results Of all the nutrient arteries of facial nerve motor root,31 were derived from the artery loops in CPA space(50.82%)and 17 from the branch of anterior inferior cerebellar artery(27.88%). Eight of them originated from the labyrinthine artery(13.1%), 3 from posterior inferior cerebellar artery(4.92%)and 2 from basilar artery(3.28%)respectively. Forty-seven nutrient arteries(77.05%)entered the proximal 1/3 segment of facial nerve motor root. Thirty-six nutrient arteries of nervus intermedus arised from the artery loops in CPA space(73.47%), 7 from the branch of anterior inferior cerebellar artery(14.29%)and 6 from labyrinthine artery(12.24%)respectively. Conclusions The observation of the arterial origin of the facial nerve and the site of the arteries joining it in cerebellopontine angle provided an anatomic basis for the etiology of hemifacial spasm and the microsurgical operation in CPA.