生理脱毒者药物渴求的理论维度构建和量表编制

目的：生理脱毒者药物渴求的理论维度构建和量表编制。方法：参考国内外文献，采用了访谈法和初始问卷调查法，提出了生理脱毒者药物渴求的维度结构理论假设，编制出了34个项目的预测问卷，选择符合生理脱毒标准的戒毒机构内的432人为调查对象，进行了信效度考察。结果：使用主成分分析法进行探索性因素分析，提取出五个因子，分别是奖赏性药物渴求、消极性药物渴求、反射性药物渴求、社会性药物渴求和消除性药物渴求，解释了项目总方差的56．490％，未去掉一个题项，符合理论假设；量表的α系数为0．96，折半信度为0．85，各因子的α系数为0．75-0．90，均在P〈0．01的条件下显著；验证性因素分析表明指标拟合度良好。结论：该量表理论构建合理，具有良好的信、效度，进一步完善后能成为生理脱毒者药物渴求良好的评鉴工具。

A measure and scale development on the drug craving of physically dried-out drug addicts

Objective： To develop a measurement on the drug desire of drug addicts who are physically dried out. Methods： A theoretical hypothesis on the structure of the drug desire of drug addicts was proposed, and after an interview and a questionnaire with 34 items were administrated on 432 drug addicts who are physically dried out, the validity and reliability of the measurement was explored. Results： With an exploratory factor analysis, 5 factors were extracted. They were prizing drug craving, negative drug craving, reflecting drug craving, social drug craving, eliminating drug craving, explaining 56.490% to the total variance, without any item excluded, which was consistent with the hypothesis. For the measurement, α was equal to 0.96, and the half reliability was equal to 0.85; for all factors,α was from 0.75 to 0.90, and all were significant at .001 level. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the consistency of the indicators was all right. Conclusion： The hypothesis of the measurement was rational with good validity and reliability, and with a further refinement, it could be a good assessment tool for the drug craving of drug addicts who are physically dried out.