孕中期妇女血清AFP/hCG临床产前筛查试验研究

目的:探讨检测孕中期妇女(14～20周)外周血血清中AFP/hCG含量对于筛查唐氏综合征患儿和神经管缺陷患儿的有效性。方法:通过酶联免疫法(ELISA法)检测血清中AFP/hCG含量,并将结果输入分析软件,得到的风险结果与临床实际结果相比较。结果:在接受AFP/hCG血清筛查的5847例孕妇血清标本中,检出唐氏综合征胎儿7例,漏检1例。检测灵敏度为87.50％,特异性为90.02％,假阴性率为14.3％,假阳性率为9.98％;检出神经管缺陷胎儿5例,无漏检。检测灵敏度为100％,特异性为99.55％,假阴性率为0％,假阳性率为0.45％。结论:测定对孕中期妇女外周血血清中AFP/hCG的含量,并进行风险分析。对于筛查唐氏综合征胎儿和神经管缺陷胎儿,降低其出生机率是有效的,可以应用于临床大范围高危人群的产前筛查。

Research for Screening AFP and β-hCG Using Serum Samples from Gravidas at Mid-gestation Period

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of screening for down's syndrome and neural tube defects by measuring serum AFP and hCG at mid - gestation period (14- 20 weeks). Method: To Measure AFP and hCG using ELISA and analyze the risk results by the software. Then compare it with the clinical results. Results: There were detected Down's syndrome cases and 1 undetected cases in 5847 serum samples; Mean-while , all 5 neural tube defects cases had been detected. The test sensitivity was 87. 50%. The specificity was 90. 02%. The false - negative rate was 14. 3% , and the false - positive rate was 9. 98% for Down' s syndrome. The sensitivity was 100%. The specificity was 99. 55% , The false - negative rate was 0% , and the false-positive rate was 0.45% for neural tube defects. Conclusions: It is operative to decrease birth rate of down's syndrome fetus and neural tube defects fetus by measuring AFP and hCG serum from gravidas at mid - gestation and making risk analysis. And the strategy may be used in clinical prenatal screening.