甘肃东乡族、回族、汉族ghrelin基因多态性与2型糖尿病及脂代谢的相关性

目的探讨ghrelin基因Arg51Gin和Leu72Met多态性与甘肃东乡族、回族、汉族2型糖尿病及脂代谢的相关性。方法选取2008年10月至2010年2月在甘肃省人民医院、甘肃临夏市人民医院和东乡县医院初次就诊的2型糖尿病患者744例作为病例组（男386例，女358例），其中东乡族242例、回族242例、汉族260例。对照组673例为同期上述医院体检的健康志愿者，其中东乡族223例、回族203例、汉族247例。采用聚合酶链式反应一限制性片段长度多态性（PCR—RFLP）检测ghrelin的Arg51Gin、Leu72Met基因型，并进行血糖、血脂等各项临床指标测定。基因型、等位基因频率分布比较用X。检验，正态分布的计量资料采用t检验，基因型与2型糖尿病和血脂的相关性使用简单相关分析和logistic回归分析。结果（1）Arg51Gln携带等位基因A（GA＋AA）的个体较GG基因型个体患糖尿病的风险有增加趋势，Leu72Met等位基因A携带者（CA＋AA）的个体较CC基因型个体患糖尿病的风险亦有增加趋势，但差异无统计学意义（均OR〉1，均P〉0．05）。校正性别、年龄、体质指数、血压等因素后，仍未发现此两多态性位点与2型糖尿病的相关性（均P〉0．05）。（2）校正性别、年龄、体质指数、总胆固醇等因素后，2型糖尿病组东乡族和回族Arg51GinGA＋AA基因型与低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（LDL—C）水平呈正相关（r=0．406、0．377，均P〈0．05）。而校正性别、年龄、体质指数、LDL—C后，2型糖尿病组东乡族和回族Leu72MetCA＋AA基因型与总胆固醇水平呈正相关（r=0．189、0．208，P〈0．05）。结论ghrelin基因、Arg51Gin、Leu72Met多态性与东乡族、回族、汉族2型糖尿病可能无关，但与东乡族、回族血脂代谢可能有关。

Association of ghrelin gene polymorphism with type 2 diabetes mellitus and lipid metabolism in Dongxiang, Hui and Han population in Gansu province in China

Objective To investigate the association of the ghrelin gene Arg51Gln and Leu72Met polymorphisms with type 2 diabetes mellitus and lipid metabolism in Dongxiang, Hui, Han population in Gansu province. Methods From October 2008 to February 2010, 744 patients （386 males and 358 females） with type 2 diabetes mellitus （T2DM group） from Gansu Provincial People＇s Hospital, People＇s Hospital of Linxia and Dongxiang County Hospital were recruited, including 242 cases of Dongxiang nationality, 242 cases of Hui nationality, 260 cases of Han nationality. Total of 673 healthy volunteers from above 3 hospitals at the same time were regarded as the control group, including 223 Dongxiang nationality, 203 Hui nationality and 247 Han nationality. Ghrelin gene ArgS1Gln and Leu72Met polymorphisms were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism （PCR-RFLP）. Plasma glucose, lipids and other clinical indicators were detected. The genotype and allele frequency distribution were compared with the X2 test, while the correlation of genotype and plasma lipid levels were compared using correlation analysis and logistic regression analysis. Results （ 1 ） The carriers of A （ GA ＋ AA） had a higher risk tendency in T2DM group than the non-carriers in ArgS1Gln, and the carriers of A （ CA ＋ AA）had a higher risk tendency than the non-carriers in Leu72Met, but the differences were no statistical significance（all OR 〉 1, all P 〉0.05）. No correlations were found in ArgS1Gln, Leu72Met polymorphisms with T2DM after adjusted the gender, age, body mass index （BMI） and blood pressure, etc （all P 〉 0.05）. （2） In the T2DM group, ArgS1Gln genotype （GA ＋ AA） in Dongxiang and Hui population was positively correlated with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C） level after adjusted for gender, age, BM1 and total cholesterol（ r = 0. 406, 0. 377, all P 〈 0.05 ）. Leu72Met genotype （ GA ＋ AA） in Dongxiang and Hui population was positively correlated with total cholesterol level after adjusted for gender, age, BMI and LDL-C （ r = 0.189, 0. 208, all P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusions Arg51Gln, Leu72Met polymorphisms in ghrelin gene are probably unrelated to T2DM in Dongxiang, Hui and Han population, but might related to lipid metabolism in Dongxiang and Hui population.