种植牙即刻负载与延期负载的生物力学三维有限元分析

目的比较即刻负载和延期负载对种植体骨界面生物力学分布的影响。方法采用CT扫描和自主开发的USIS软件建模,用有限元法计算分析即刻负载和延期负载时种植体骨界面的应力、应变及种植体的位移。结果即刻负载时种植体骨界面的VonMises应力稍小于延期负载,均集中于种植体颈部骨皮质,底部骨松质次之;但VonMises应变有较明显的增加,均集中于种植体底部骨松质和螺纹部位;种植体的位移较延期负载略有增大。即刻负载种植体和延期负载种植体在受到颊舌向力时,VonMises应力、应变及位移均有不同程度的增加。结论即刻负载时种植体骨界面的生物力学分布规律与延期负载时相似,受到侧向力时应力、应变增大。种植牙即刻负载技术是可行的。

Three dimensional finite element analysis of biomechanical distribution of dental implants with immediate load and delayed load

Objective To analyze the biomechanical distribution of bone around the dental implant with immediate load and delayed load.Methods Three-dimensional finite element models of whole mandible with dental implants for immediate load and delayed load were established by means of CT scanning and USIS(Universal Surgical Integration System)software developed by ourselves.The distribution of stress and strain on the bone around dental implants and displacement of implants were calculated and analyzed with the method of finite element.Results The values of Von Mises stress on the bone around dental implants with immediate load were a bit less than those with delayed load,and both stresses were concentrated on the cortical bone,which were on the neck of dental implants.And the values of Von Mises strain on the bone around dental implants with immediate load were more than those with delayed load apparently,which were concentrated on the cancellous bone,at the bottom of dental implants and in the area of screw.Displacement of dental implants with immediate load was a bit more than those with delayed load.When the implants were loaded with buccolingual force,Von Mises stress,strain and displacement of dental implants with immediate load and delayed load increased respectively.Conclusion Biomechanical characteristics of bone around the dental implant with immediate load were similar to those with delayed load.It is certain that the technique of dental implant with immediate load is available.