住院患者营养风险筛查和营养治疗效果评价

目的 了解住院患者的营养状况,评估肠内营养治疗效果。方法 运用营养风险筛查工具Nutrition Risk Screening 2002(NRS2002)对151例营养科接收的住院患者进行营养风险筛查,对处于营养风险的患者,测量其治疗前后胃肠道症状及前白蛋白、总蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白、视黄醇结合蛋白等指标。结果 老年患者的营养风险发生率(96.5%)显著高于中青年患者(80.3%)(P=0.001);治疗后患者胃肠道症状较治疗前改善明显(P<0.001);治疗后患者前白蛋白、总蛋白、白蛋白、视黄醇结合蛋白指标均较治疗前有所提升(P均<0.01);治疗后研究对象营养风险发生率(80.8%)较治疗前(89.4%)有所下降(P=0.036)。结论 NRS2002能方便、快捷地反映住院患者的营养风险情况;营养治疗可一定程度上降低营养风险发生率,改善患者的营养状况。

Nutritional risk screening of hospitalized patients and effect evaluation of nutrition therapy

Objective To understand the nutritional status of hospitalized patients and to assess the treatment effect of hospitalized patients with enteral nutrition support. Methods The nutritional status of 151 hospitalized patients were evaluated by Nutrition Risk Screening 2002 (NRS2002). The indexes before and after treatment such as gastrointestinal symptoms, prealbumin, total protein, albumin, globulin and retinol binding protein for patients of nutritional risk were tested. Results The incidence of nutritional risk of elderly patients (96.5%) was significantly higher than that of young and middled-aged patients (80.3%)(P=0.001). The gastrointestinal symptoms of patients improved significantly after treatment(P<0.001). The levels of prealbumin, total protein, albumin, and retinol binding protein were improved after treatment (all P<0.01). The level of globulin was improved after treatment but the difference was statistically nonsignificant (P>0.05). The difference of nutritional risk rate of research objects before and after treatment (89.4% vs 80.8%) was statistically significant (P=0.036). Conclusion NRS2002 can reflect the nutritional risk status of hospitalized patients conveniently and quickly. Nutritional therapy can reduce the incidence of nutritional risk to some extent and improve the nutritional status of patients.