视网膜中央动脉和睫状后动脉的应用解剖

目的：为视神经鞘减压术和视神经周围区手术提供视网膜中央动脉和睫状后动脉的解剖学资料。方法：采用显微解剖学技术对60例成人视网膜中央动脉和睫状后动脉进行观察。结果：（1）视网膜中央动脉多发自眼动脉角（21．7％），内侧睫状后动脉（20．0％），眼动脉第一段（19．3）。（2）视网膜中央动脉发起后在视神经下方弯曲前行，其起始部在眶内视神经后1／3段与眼外直肌之间者占85．0％。（3）入鞘点在视神经的正下方者68．3％，内下方者占21．7％，外下方者占10．0％。结论：视网膜中央动脉及睫状后动脉的起点、走行变化较大，视神经鞘减压术和视神经周围区手术时应保护好这些动脉，以免引起视神经等结构缺血。

APPLIED ANATOMY OF CENTRAL RETINAL ARTERY AND POSTERIOR CILIARY ARTERY

Objective: To provide anatomic data of central retinal artery (CRA) and posterior ciliary artery(PCA) for operation around optic nerve. Methods: By microanatomic method, the CRA and PCA were observed on 60 sides adult cadaver heads. Results: (1) The CRA commonly came from the angle of ophthalmic artery(21.7%) or medial posterior ciliary artery(20.0%), or first part of ophthalmic artery(18.3%). (2) The CRA went forward and bent under the optic nerve.Its beginning part was between posterior third segment of the nerve and lateral rectus muscles (85.0%). (3) The part of CRA entering sheath was beneath optic nerve (68.3%), in medial inferior part of optic nerve(21.7%), in lateral inferior part of optic nerve(10.0%). CRA and PCA were connected on the optic sheath by loose connective tissue. Conclusion: The origin and course of CRA and PCA were various. The CRA and PCA must be protected during the operation around optic nerve.