城镇已婚育龄妇女避孕方法选择现状及影响因素调查

目的:了解城镇妇女避孕方法选择现状及影响因素。方法:调查辽宁省皇姑区、山东省临淄区和陕西省灞桥区部分社区20～50岁育龄群众避孕方法选择情况。结果:共调查已婚育龄妇女1807人,平均年龄39.7岁,高中及以上文化71.9%;现避孕率为82.4%;避孕方法构成以宫内节育器(IUD)为主(75.6%),避孕套使用率为18.6%,其它避孕方法使用比例少;高龄、低文化程度、职业人群、有一次活产史及无人工流产史者使用IUD的比例较高;育龄妇女选择避孕方法主要关心有效性、安全性和便捷性,卫生机构、计划生育机构及超市等商业机构为避孕方法的重要获取渠道。结论:参与调查城镇育龄妇女的避孕率较高且以IUD为主,不同特征对象的避孕率及避孕方法构成不同。今后应加强对重点人群的避孕宣教与指导,根据不同对象的特点提供个性化计划生育服务,提高群众对计划生育服务的信任度与利用度。

Current contraceptive use and dependents of method adoption among urban married women of childbearing age

Objective：To investigate the prevalence and proportion of contraceptive use,as well as the factors influencing the contraceptive adoption among urban married women of childbearing age in three provinces.Methods：A stratified-cluster-random sampling,penetrated from province to community,was fulfilled according to the sampling scheme used in the Women Information System of National Population and Family Planning Commission.Results：A total of 1 807 women aged 20-50 at the sample communities were interviewed with structured questionnaire about their reproductive health.About 71.9% of them had a high school diploma.The total prevalence of current contraception use was 82.4%.IUD shared the largest proportion of the contraceptives（75.6%）.The rate of condom use was 18.6%.Some others were seldom and insufficiently used.It was showed that IUD was adopted at a higher proportion in aged,poor educated,career women,living in more affluence,only-one-child family or non-abortion experienced than in their counterparts.The effectiveness,safety and convenience were the most important concerns of contraceptive adoption.The contraceptives were mainly received from hospitals rather than from family planning centers.Conclusion：The prevalence or the proportion of contraceptive use varies under the influence of some certain factors,which should be paid as special attention to optimize the conduction of contraceptive adopting.Diversified contraceptive method mix and appropriate related counseling scheme should be aroused in order to serve the target clients properly.There are still some spaces to fill in to improve the service capability and acceptability of family planning center.