三峡工程对库区重庆段钉螺生长条件影响研究

目的了解三峡工程建成以后,库区气候、植被、淹没等条件变化对钉螺孳生的可能影响。方法利用ArcGIS软件的空间分析功能,结合气象资料及重点研究区1:1万和库区重庆段1:5万数字高程模型(DEM)就阶段性淹没区的气候条件、淹没时间、淹没区植被情况以及阶段性淹没可能对钉螺生长的影响进行综合分析。结果三峡库区淹没时间、气温、降水、日照时间、植被种类及覆盖度均适合钉螺,但其冬季蓄水、夏季放水的特点对钉螺的生长不利。结论三峡库区形成的"冬水夏陆"的洲滩环境不适于钉螺孳生,如能从源头上控制钉螺的外来输入问题,库区可避免成为钉螺孽生区。

Study on influence of Three Gorges Project construction on Oncomelania growth condition in Chongqing section

Objective To understand the effects of the change of climate,vegetation,flooding led by the construction of Three Gorges Project to the growth of Oncomelania snail.Methods The spatial analysis function of ArcGIS combined with meteorological data,1:50 000 and the 1:10 000 digital elevation model were employed to analyzed the climate,flooding and other conditions of the reservoir area,and the field survey was used to investigated the vegetation in this area.Results The flood time,climate precipitation,sunshine duration,vegetation types and coverage of Three Gorges reservior area can meet the growth needs of Oncomelania snail.However,the characteristic of water impounding winter and disembogueing in summer were not agreed with the life circle of Oncomelania snail.Conclusions The environment of flooding in winter and drought in summer in the Three Gorges reservior areas is not suitable for the growth of Oncomelania snail.If the transfusion of snais from other endemic areas can be prevented,the area can be avoid to become snail area.