临床感染菌菌谱及其耐药性监测

目的了解医院临床感染中致病菌的分布及其耐药性,为指导临床合理用药提供依据。方法收集2004年12月~2005年5月住院和门诊患者送检的细菌培养标本,并做药物敏感性试验。结果分离出的1 584株细菌中,前4位菌依次为凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(15.6%)、克雷伯菌属(13.0%)、大肠埃希菌(10.0%)、白色念珠菌(9.9%);G-杆菌对氨苄西林(86.7%)耐药率最高,其次是头孢噻吩(79.5%)、美洛西林(75.7%);最敏感的是美罗培南(2.3%)、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦(19.0%)和磷霉素(29.1%);G 葡萄球菌属除万古霉素外,对其他18种抗菌药物的耐药率,耐苯唑西林葡萄球菌高于苯唑西林敏感葡萄球菌;肠球菌属主要为屎肠球菌(EF),对青霉素类和红霉素类耐药较严重。结论加强对《抗菌药物临床应用指导原则》的学习和运用,合理使用抗菌药物。

Distribution and Resistance of Bacteria Inducing Clinical Infection

OBJECTIVE To investigate the distribution and drug resistance of the bacteria encountered from the(clinical) infection,and provide reference for the rational use of agents in clinics.METHODS To culture the(specimens) from inpatient and outpatient clinic from Dec 2004 to Mar 2005,and perform the drug (sensitivity) test.RESULTS In 1584 isolated strains,the first four were coagulase negative Staphylococcus((15.6%),) Klebsiella(13.0%),Escherichia coli(10.0%),and Candida albicans(9.9%).The highest resistance of Gram(-negative) bacilli was to ampicillin(86.7%),then to cephalothin(79.5%),and mezlocillin(75.7%);G~-bacilli were(sensitive) to meropenem(2.3%),piperacillin/tazobactam(19.0%),and fosfomycin(29.1%).Gram~ cocci had drug(resistance) to 18 antibacterials except vancomycin,MRSA was higher than MSSA;(Enterococcus) faecium showed poor sensitive rate to penicillin and erythromycin.CONCLUSIONS We should give more attantion to the Rules on Antibacterials in Clinical Application and use drugs reasonably.