上海市嘉定区吸毒人员艾滋病流行病学调查分析

目的了解上海市嘉定区社区吸毒人员艾滋病、梅毒和丙肝感染情况，性病艾滋病知识知晓情况，以及吸毒、性行为状况，评估社区吸毒人员艾滋病防治效果。方法由镇（街道）禁毒社工对社区吸毒人员进行问卷调查，并采集血样进行血清学检测。结果2009年、2012年分别调查290人、283人，未检出HIV感染者；梅毒RPR阳性率分别为2．41％、3．18％：丙肝阳性率分别为27．93％、29．79％；艾滋病基本知识知晓率分别为83．79％、89．75％。2009年、2012年调查对象主要使用海洛因、冰毒和摇头丸等毒品，曾注射过毒品的比例分别为42．76％、43．82％，其中与别人共用过针具的比例分别为5．65％、6．90％。最近一个月发生性行为的比例分别为32．76％、43．82％；最后一次性行为使用安全套的比例分别为46.32％、50．81％：最近一年曾发生过商业性行为的比例分别为2．07％、5.30％。多元Logistic回归分析结果显示，年龄越大，知识得分越低，曾注射吸毒的比例越高；年龄越大，安全套使用率越低。结论嘉定区吸毒人员梅毒、丙肝感染率高，艾滋病知识知晓率有所提高，存在注射吸毒、共用注射器及不安全性行为等危险因素。应采取降低吸毒危害和经性传播的综合性干预措施。

Investigation on HIV/AIDS Epidemiology among Drug Users in Jiading District of Shanghai

OBJECTIVE Learning about HIV, HCV, syphilis infection, knowledge and risk behavior of HIV/AIDS, and evaluating the effectiveness of HIV/AIDS control and prevention in community drug users. METHODS The standard questionnaires are used to survey community drug users by social workers, and blood sample is adapted for serology examination. RESULTS 290, 283 of drug users were investigated separately in 2009 and 2012, in which all samples were HIV-negative. Positive rates in syphilis RPR screening test were 2.41% and 3.18%. Positive rate in HCV antibodies test were 27.93% and 29.79%. HIV-related knowledge awareness rates were 83.79% and 89.75%. Drug users mainly used drugs such as heroin, methamphetamine and ecstasy. 42.76%, 43.82% has taken drugs before the investigation by injection separately, in which 5.65%, 6.90% shared injectors with others in last drug injection. 32.76%, 43.82% of drug users had sexual behaviors in past month separately, in which 46.32%, 50.81% used condoms last time when having sexual behavior separately. 2.07%, 5.30% had commercial sexual behaviors in past year. Logistic Regression analysis showed that drug users who were older and shorter on HIV-related knowledge took more drugs by injection, and used less condoms in sexual behaviors. CONCLUSIONS The infection rate of HCV, syphilis for community drug users is high. HIV-related knowledge has been beeb increased. Risk factors such as drugs injection, sharing injectors, un-protective sexual behaviors exist. It is needed to take integrated measures to reduce drug abuse and control HIV transmission by sexual behaviors.